Effects of health-related dispositions on citizens’ appraisals toward the COVID-19 pandemic and protective behavior

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 19; no. 9; p. e0305995
• Main Authors: Fu, Xinyuan, Fu, Ruoran, Li, Shuxian, Du, Xiaona, Zhang, Mei, Duan, Jiaxin, Wang, Hanmin, Li, Guixin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 05.09.2024; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adaptation, Psychological; Adult; Age; Analysis; Attitude to Health; Attitudes; Behavior; Biology and Life Sciences; China; China - epidemiology; COVID-19; COVID-19 - epidemiology; COVID-19 - prevention & control; COVID-19 - psychology; Epidemics; Female; Health attitudes; Health Behavior; Health risk assessment; Health risks; Humans; Hypotheses; Influence; Locus of control; Male; Medicine and Health Sciences; Middle Aged; Motivation; Pandemics; Pandemics - prevention & control; Physical Sciences; Protective behavior; Public opinion; Research and Analysis Methods; SARS-CoV-2; Self-efficacy; Social Sciences; Surveys and Questionnaires; China
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305995

In this study, health risk attitude and health locus of control were included as dispositional factors in the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) to explain people’s protective behavior in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. Empirical data involved two waves of data with a sample of 526 adults with full-time jobs from Beijing, China, and structural equation model results confirmed a partial successful extension of the PMT. Specifically, health risk attitude had a direct effect on citizens’ protective behavior, but without an indirect effect mediated by threat appraisal toward the COVID-19 pandemic; health locus of control did not directly associate with citizens’ protective behavior, but had an indirect effect on it fully via coping appraisal toward the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the PMT has been extended by adding a distal dispositional factor on the impact of coping appraisal on protective behavior. Implications for advancing the government’s anti-epidemic strategy are discussed.