Proteome dynamics during homeostatic scaling in cultured neurons

• Published in: eLife Vol. 9
• Main Authors: Dörrbaum, Aline Ricarda, Alvarez-Castelao, Beatriz, Nassim-Assir, Belquis, Langer, Julian D, Schuman, Erin M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England eLife Science Publications, Ltd 02.04.2020; eLife Sciences Publications Ltd; eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
• Subjects: Amino acids; Analysis; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cells, Cultured; Hippocampus; Hippocampus - cytology; homeostasis; Homeostasis - physiology; Light; Localization; Neurons; Neurons - metabolism; Neuroscience; Peptides; Protein biosynthesis; protein degradation; Protein synthesis; Protein turnover; Proteins; Proteome - metabolism; Proteomes; Rats; Research Advance; Scaling; Synapses - metabolism; synaptic scaling; homeostasis; protein turnover; rat; neuroscience; synaptic scaling; protein synthesis; protein degradation
• ISSN: 2050-084X; 2050-084X
• DOI: 10.7554/elife.52939

Protein turnover, the net result of protein synthesis and degradation, enables cells to remodel their proteomes in response to internal and external cues. Previously, we analyzed protein turnover rates in cultured brain cells under basal neuronal activity and found that protein turnover is influenced by subcellular localization, protein function, complex association, cell type of origin, and by the cellular environment (Dörrbaum et al., 2018). Here, we advanced our experimental approach to quantify changes in protein synthesis and degradation, as well as the resulting changes in protein turnover or abundance in rat primary hippocampal cultures during homeostatic scaling. Our data demonstrate that a large fraction of the neuronal proteome shows changes in protein synthesis and/or degradation during homeostatic up- and down-scaling. More than half of the quantified synaptic proteins were regulated, including pre- as well as postsynaptic proteins with diverse molecular functions.