Trends in appropriateness of end-of-life care in people with cancer, COPD or with dementia measured with population-level quality indicators

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 18; no. 2; p. e0273997
• Main Authors: De Schreye, Robrecht, Deliens, Luc, Annemans, Lieven, Gielen, Birgit, Smets, Tinne, Cohen, Joachim
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 01.02.2023; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Advance directives; Belgium - epidemiology; Cancer; Cancer therapies; Care and treatment; Chemotherapy; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Cohort Studies; Databases, Factual; Death & dying; Dementia; Dementia - therapy; Dementia disorders; Drug stores; Emergency medical care; Emergency medical services; End of life; Evaluation; Health care policy; Hospitals; Humans; Indicators; Intensive care; Lung diseases, Obstructive; Medical care; Medical diagnosis; Medicine and Health Sciences; Neoplasms - therapy; Nursing homes; Palliation; Palliative care; Palliative Care - statistics & numerical data; Palliative treatment; Patient outcomes; Pharmacy; Population; Population studies; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - therapy; Quality Indicators, Health Care; Quality management; Quality of life; Reimbursement; Taxable income; Terminal Care - trends; Trends; Belgium; Canada; United States > US
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273997

Measuring changes in the appropriateness of end-of-life care provided to patients with advanced illness such as cancer, COPD or dementia can help governments and practitioners improve service delivery and quality of life. However, an assessment of a possible shift in appropriateness of end-of-life care across the population is lacking. Measuring quality indicators with routinely collected population-level data, this study aims to evaluate the appropriateness of end-of-life care for people with cancer, COPD or dementia in Belgium. A population-level decedent cohort study, using data from eight population-level databases, including death certificate and health claims data. We measured validated sets of quality indicators for appropriateness of end-of-life care. All people who died from cancer or COPD or with dementia between 1st January 2010 and 1st January 2016 in Belgium. We identified three main trends over time across the three disease groups of increasing use of: family physicians in the last 30 days of life (+21.7% in cancer, +33.7% in COPD and +89.4% in dementia); specialist palliative care in the last 14 days of life (+4.6% in cancer, +36.9% in COPD, +17.8% in dementia); and emergency department in the last 30 days of life (+7.0% in cancer, +4.4% in COPD and +8.2% in dementia). Although we found an increase of both specialized palliative care and generalist palliative care use, we also found an increase in potentially inappropriate care, including ED and ICU admissions. To increase the quality of end-of-life care, both timely initiating (generalist and specialist) palliative care and avoiding potentially inappropriate care transitions, treatments and medications need to be quality performance targets.