Pharmacological AMPK activation induces transcriptional responses congruent to exercise in skeletal and cardiac muscle, adipose tissues and liver

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 14; no. 2; p. e0211568
• Main Authors: Muise, Eric S, Guan, Hong-Ping, Liu, Jinqi, Nawrocki, Andrea R, Yang, Xiaodong, Wang, Chuanlin, Rodríguez, Carlos G, Zhou, Dan, Gorski, Judith N, Kurtz, Marc M, Feng, Danqing, Leavitt, Kenneth J, Wei, Lan, Wilkening, Robert R, Apgar, James M, Xu, Shiyao, Lu, Ku, Feng, Wen, Li, Ying, He, Huaibing, Previs, Stephen F, Shen, Xiaolan, van Heek, Margaret, Souza, Sandra C, Rosenbach, Mark J, Biftu, Tesfaye, Erion, Mark D, Kelley, David E, Kemp, Daniel M, Myers, Robert W, Sebhat, Iyassu K
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 27.02.2019; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adipose tissue; Adipose Tissue - metabolism; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism; Animals; Biology and Life Sciences; Energy Metabolism; Enzyme Activation - drug effects; Exercise; Fatty Acids - metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects; Genetic aspects; Glucose - metabolism; Glycogen; Health; Health aspects; Health insurance; Homeostasis; Hyperglycemia; Liver; Liver - metabolism; Medicine and Health Sciences; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism; Myocardium - metabolism; Novels; Oxidation-Reduction; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Physical Sciences; Physiological aspects; Polysaccharides; Retirement benefits; Skeletal muscle; Transcription (Genetics); Type 2 diabetes
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211568

Physical activity promotes metabolic and cardiovascular health benefits that derive in part from the transcriptional responses to exercise that occur within skeletal muscle and other organs. There is interest in discovering a pharmacologic exercise mimetic that could imbue wellness and alleviate disease burden. However, the molecular physiology by which exercise signals the transcriptional response is highly complex, making it challenging to identify a single target for pharmacological mimicry. The current studies evaluated the transcriptome responses in skeletal muscle, heart, liver, and white and brown adipose to novel small molecule activators of AMPK (pan-activators for all AMPK isoforms) compared to that of exercise. A striking level of congruence between exercise and pharmacological AMPK activation was observed across the induced transcriptome of these five tissues. However, differences in acute metabolic response between exercise and pharmacologic AMPK activation were observed, notably for acute glycogen balances and related to the energy expenditure induced by exercise but not pharmacologic AMPK activation. Nevertheless, intervention with repeated daily administration of short-acting activation of AMPK was found to mitigate hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in four rodent models of metabolic disease and without the cardiac glycogen accretion noted with sustained pharmacologic AMPK activation. These findings affirm that activation of AMPK is a key node governing exercise mediated transcription and is an attractive target as an exercise mimetic.