Differences in muscle satellite cell dynamics during muscle hypertrophy and regeneration

• Published in: Skeletal muscle Vol. 12; no. 1; pp. 1 - 10
• Main Authors: Fukada, So-ichiro, Higashimoto, Tatsuyoshi, Kaneshige, Akihiro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London BioMed Central Ltd 06.07.2022; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Cell cycle; Cell division; Cell interactions; Cell proliferation; Comparative analysis; Differentiation; Edema; Gene expression; Homeostasis; Hypertrophy; Mechanical loading; Muscle regeneration; Muscle satellite cells; Muscles; Musculoskeletal system; Myonuclei; Physical training; Protein synthesis; Proteins; Review; Satellite cells; Skeletal muscle; Weight training
• ISSN: 2044-5040; 2044-5040
• DOI: 10.1186/s13395-022-00300-0

Skeletal muscle homeostasis and function are ensured by orchestrated cellular interactions among several types of cells. A noticeable aspect of skeletal muscle biology is the drastic cell-cell communication changes that occur in multiple scenarios. The process of recovering from an injury, which is known as regeneration, has been relatively well investigated. However, the cellular interplay that occurs in response to mechanical loading, such as during resistance training, is poorly understood compared to regeneration. During muscle regeneration, muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) rebuild multinuclear myofibers through a stepwise process of proliferation, differentiation, fusion, and maturation, whereas during mechanical loading-dependent muscle hypertrophy, MuSCs do not undergo such stepwise processes (except in rare injuries) because the nuclei of MuSCs become directly incorporated into the mature myonuclei. In this review, six specific examples of such differences in MuSC dynamics between regeneration and hypertrophy processes are discussed.