Into the wild: How exposure to wild or domesticated fungi shapes immune responses in mice

• Published in: PLoS pathogens Vol. 18; no. 10; p. e1010841
• Main Authors: Chen, Ying-Han, Cadwell, Ken
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: San Francisco Public Library of Science 13.10.2022; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Bacteria; Biology and Life Sciences; Cytokines; Digestive system; Digestive tract; Disease; Domestication; Fungi; Gastrointestinal tract; Granulocytes; Gut-brain axis; Health aspects; Hepatitis; Host-bacteria relationships; Hygiene; Immune response; Immune system; Immunological research; Infections; Inflammation; Inflammatory bowel disease; Laboratories; Laboratory animals; Medicine and Health Sciences; Mice; Microbiota; Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms); Microorganisms; Natural environment; Pathogens; Pearls; Physiological aspects; Research and Analysis Methods; Rodents; Scholarships & fellowships; Social behavior; Specific pathogen free; United States
• ISSN: 1553-7374; 1553-7366; 1553-7374
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010841

Human subject studies have linked disruption of the intestinal bacterial community to a variety of disease conditions, and experimental models have helped us interpret these findings by elucidating mechanisms by which bacteria evoke pro- or anti-inflammatory responses through host cells and receptors. [...]there is growing evidence that the limited microbial exposure experienced by laboratory mice kept in ultra-hygienic specific pathogen-free (SPF) facilities leads to a less mature immune system when compared with free-living mammals such as humans. [...]fungi in the natural environment contribute to the composition of circulating immune cells. [...]systemic IL-17A induced by mucosal fungi acts on neurons to regulate social behavior in mice, demonstrating how the gut mycobiota can contribute to the gut–brain axis [27].