Sex Differences on the ADOS-2

The sex difference in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be magnified by sex differences on diagnostic measures. The current study compared autistic males and females on items on the gold-standard diagnostic measure, the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of autism and developmental disorders Vol. 53; no. 7; pp. 2878 - 2890
Main Authors Rea, Hannah M., Øien, Roald A., Shic, Frederick, Webb, Sara Jane, Ratto, Allison B.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Springer US 01.07.2023
Springer
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Adolescent
Analysis
Autism
Autism Spectrum Disorder - diagnosis
Autism Spectrum Disorder - epidemiology
Autism Spectrum Disorders
Autistic Disorder - diagnosis
Behavior
Behavior Problems
Behavioral Science and Psychology
Child
Child and School Psychology
Child development
Clinical research
Communication
Demographic aspects
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Tests
Evaluation Criteria
Female
Females
Gender Differences
Gender identity
Humans
Intellectual disabilities
Interpersonal Communication
Male
Males
Medical diagnosis
Neurosciences
Non-binary gender
Observation
Original Paper
Pediatrics
Pervasive developmental disorders
Psychology
Public Health
Sex Characteristics
Sex differences
Sex differences (Psychology)
Social Behavior
Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
United States
Autism
ADOS
Sex differences
Diagnosis
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Summary:The sex difference in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be magnified by sex differences on diagnostic measures. The current study compared autistic males and females on items on the gold-standard diagnostic measure, the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2). In a sample of 8-to-17-year old autistic individuals from research (n = 229) and clinical settings (n = 238), females were less likely to show atypicalities on most items related to social-communication behaviors and on total and subscale scores. When controlling for overall intensity of symptomatology, no sex differences survived statistical corrections. Diagnostic criteria and/or gold-standard assessments may be less sensitive to female presentations of ASD and/or autistic females may exhibit fewer or less intense behaviors characteristic of ASD.
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Author Contributions HR conceived of the study, finalized its design, completed analyses, and coordinated and drafted the manuscript; RO complete analyses and drafted the manuscript, FS designed and complete analyses and drafted the manuscript, SJW oversaw data collection and drafted the manuscript, AR contributed to data collection, study design, and drafted the manuscript.
ISSN:0162-3257
1573-3432
1573-3432
DOI:10.1007/s10803-022-05566-3