Identification of the Integrin VLA-2 as a Receptor for Echovirus 1

• Published in: Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 255; no. 5052; pp. 1718 - 1720
• Main Authors: Bergelson, Jeffrey M., Shepley, Michael P., Bosco M. C. Chan, Hemler, Martin E., Finberg, Robert W.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Society for the Advancement of Science 27.03.1992; American Association for the Advancement of Science; The American Association for the Advancement of Science
• Subjects: Antibodies, Monoclonal - immunology; Biological and medical sciences; Cell lines; Cell receptors; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; ECHO viruses; Echovirus; echovirus 1; Echovirus infections; Enterovirus B, Human - metabolism; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; HeLa Cells; Human enterovirus B; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Infections; Integrins; Memory interference; Microbiology; Molecular Weight; Physiological aspects; Poliovirus; Receptors; Receptors, Very Late Antigen - metabolism; Receptors, Virus - chemistry; Receptors, Virus - metabolism; Replicative cycle, interference, host-virus relations, pathogenicity, miscellaneous strains; Virology; Virus receptors; Viruses; VLA-2 protein; Picornaviridae; Rodentia; Enterovirus; Echovirus 1; Hela cell line; Host virus relation; Cell surface; Virus; Proteins; Vertebrata; Membrane receptor; Mammalia; Integrin; Mouse
• ISSN: 0036-8075; 1095-9203
• DOI: 10.1126/science.1553561

Cell surface receptors for echovirus, a common human pathogen, were identified with monoclonal antibodies that protected susceptible cells from infection with echovirus 1. These monoclonal antibodies, which prevented virus attachment to specific receptor sites, recognized the α and β subunits of the integrin VLA-2 ($\alpha_2\beta_1$), a receptor for collagen and laminin. RD rhabdomyosarcoma cells expressed little VLA-2, did not bind to $^{35}$S-labeled virus, and resisted infection until transfected with complementary DNA encoding the $\alpha_2$ subunit of VLA-2. Thus, integrins, adhesion receptors important in interactions between cells and with the extracellular matrix, can mediate virus attachment and infection.