Placental vascular pathology and increased thrombin generation as mechanisms of disease in obstetrical syndromes

Obstetrical complications including preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, preterm labor, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes and fetal demise are all the clinical endpoint of several underlying mechanisms (i.e., infection, inflammation, thrombosis, endocrine disorder, immunologic rejection, gene...

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Published inPeerJ (San Francisco, CA) Vol. 2; p. e653
Main Authors Mastrolia, Salvatore Andrea, Mazor, Moshe, Loverro, Giuseppe, Klaitman, Vered, Erez, Offer
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States PeerJ. Ltd 18.11.2014
PeerJ, Inc
PeerJ Inc
Subjects
Amniotic fluid
Anticoagulants
Biology
Coagulation
Development and progression
Dictionaries
Fetal development
Fetuses
Gynecology
Gynecology and Obstetrics
Health aspects
Hematology
Inflammation
IUGR
Obstetrics
Pathology
Placenta
Plasma
Pre-eclampsia
Preeclampsia
Pregnancy
Pregnancy complications
Prenatal development
Protein Z
Proteins
TAT III complexes
TFPI
Thrombin
Thrombosis
Womens health
Protein Z
IUGR
PROM
Amniotic fluid
Preeclampsia
Coagulation
TAT III complexes
Preterm labor
TFPI
Fetal demise
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Summary:Obstetrical complications including preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, preterm labor, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes and fetal demise are all the clinical endpoint of several underlying mechanisms (i.e., infection, inflammation, thrombosis, endocrine disorder, immunologic rejection, genetic, and environmental), therefore, they may be regarded as syndromes. Placental vascular pathology and increased thrombin generation were reported in all of these obstetrical syndromes. Moreover, elevated concentrations of thrombin-anti thrombin III complexes and changes in the coagulation as well as anticoagulation factors can be detected in the maternal circulation prior to the clinical development of the disease in some of these syndromes. In this review, we will assess the changes in the hemostatic system during normal and complicated pregnancy in maternal blood, maternal-fetal interface and amniotic fluid, and describe the contribution of thrombosis and vascular pathology to the development of the great obstetrical syndromes.
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ISSN:2167-8359
2167-8359
DOI:10.7717/peerj.653