Using operando techniques to understand and design high performance and stable alkaline membrane fuel cells
There is a need to understand the water dynamics of alkaline membrane fuel cells under various operating conditions to create electrodes that enable high performance and stable, long-term operation. Here we show, via operando neutron imaging and operando micro X-ray computed tomography, visualizatio...
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| Published in | Nature communications Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. 3561 - 10 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
London
Nature Publishing Group UK
16.07.2020
Nature Publishing Group Nature Portfolio |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | There is a need to understand the water dynamics of alkaline membrane fuel cells under various operating conditions to create electrodes that enable high performance and stable, long-term operation. Here we show, via operando neutron imaging and operando micro X-ray computed tomography, visualizations of the spatial and temporal distribution of liquid water in operating cells. We provide direct evidence for liquid water accumulation at the anode, which causes severe ionomer swelling and performance loss, as well as cell dryout from undesirably low water content in the cathode. We observe that the operating conditions leading to the highest power density during polarization are not generally the conditions that allow for long-term stable operation. This observation leads to new catalyst layer designs and gas diffusion layers. This study reports alkaline membrane fuel cells that can be operated continuously for over 1000 h at 600 mA cm
−2
with voltage decay rate of only 32-μV h
−1
– the best-reported durability to date.
Modern alkaline membrane fuel cells have generally shown very poor operational stability. Here, the authors combine operando neutron imaging and X-ray computed tomography to understand the root cause for this and then design new electrodes to enable high performance and operational stability. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | There is a need to understand the water dynamics of alkaline membrane fuel cells under various operating conditions to create electrodes that enable high performance and stable, long-term operation. Here we show, via operando neutron imaging and operando micro X-ray computed tomography, visualizations of the spatial and temporal distribution of liquid water in operating cells. We provide direct evidence for liquid water accumulation at the anode, which causes severe ionomer swelling and performance loss, as well as cell dryout from undesirably low water content in the cathode. We observe that the operating conditions leading to the highest power density during polarization are not generally the conditions that allow for long-term stable operation. This observation leads to new catalyst layer designs and gas diffusion layers. This study reports alkaline membrane fuel cells that can be operated continuously for over 1000 h at 600 mA cm
−2
with voltage decay rate of only 32-μV h
−1
– the best-reported durability to date.
Modern alkaline membrane fuel cells have generally shown very poor operational stability. Here, the authors combine operando neutron imaging and X-ray computed tomography to understand the root cause for this and then design new electrodes to enable high performance and operational stability. There is a need to understand the water dynamics of alkaline membrane fuel cells under various operating conditions to create electrodes that enable high performance and stable, long-term operation. Here we show, via operando neutron imaging and operando micro X-ray computed tomography, visualizations of the spatial and temporal distribution of liquid water in operating cells. We provide direct evidence for liquid water accumulation at the anode, which causes severe ionomer swelling and performance loss, as well as cell dryout from undesirably low water content in the cathode. We observe that the operating conditions leading to the highest power density during polarization are not generally the conditions that allow for long-term stable operation. This observation leads to new catalyst layer designs and gas diffusion layers. This study reports alkaline membrane fuel cells that can be operated continuously for over 1000 h at 600 mA cm-2 with voltage decay rate of only 32-μV h-1 – the best-reported durability to date. Modern alkaline membrane fuel cells have generally shown very poor operational stability. Here, the authors combine operando neutron imaging and X-ray computed tomography to understand the root cause for this and then design new electrodes to enable high performance and operational stability. There is a need to understand the water dynamics of alkaline membrane fuel cells under various operating conditions to create electrodes that enable high performance and stable, long-term operation. Here we show, via operando neutron imaging and operando micro X-ray computed tomography, visualizations of the spatial and temporal distribution of liquid water in operating cells. We provide direct evidence for liquid water accumulation at the anode, which causes severe ionomer swelling and performance loss, as well as cell dryout from undesirably low water content in the cathode. We observe that the operating conditions leading to the highest power density during polarization are not generally the conditions that allow for long-term stable operation. This observation leads to new catalyst layer designs and gas diffusion layers. This study reports alkaline membrane fuel cells that can be operated continuously for over 1000 h at 600 mA cm−2 with voltage decay rate of only 32-μV h−1 – the best-reported durability to date.Modern alkaline membrane fuel cells have generally shown very poor operational stability. Here, the authors combine operando neutron imaging and X-ray computed tomography to understand the root cause for this and then design new electrodes to enable high performance and operational stability. There is a need to understand the water dynamics of alkaline membrane fuel cells under various operating conditions to create electrodes that enable high performance and stable, long-term operation. Here we show, via operando neutron imaging and operando micro X-ray computed tomography, visualizations of the spatial and temporal distribution of liquid water in operating cells. We provide direct evidence for liquid water accumulation at the anode, which causes severe ionomer swelling and performance loss, as well as cell dryout from undesirably low water content in the cathode. We observe that the operating conditions leading to the highest power density during polarization are not generally the conditions that allow for long-term stable operation. This observation leads to new catalyst layer designs and gas diffusion layers. This study reports alkaline membrane fuel cells that can be operated continuously for over 1000 h at 600 mA cm with voltage decay rate of only 32-μV h - the best-reported durability to date. There is a need to understand the water dynamics of alkaline membrane fuel cells under various operating conditions to create electrodes that enable high performance and stable, long-term operation. Here we show, via operando neutron imaging and operando micro X-ray computed tomography, visualizations of the spatial and temporal distribution of liquid water in operating cells. We provide direct evidence for liquid water accumulation at the anode, which causes severe ionomer swelling and performance loss, as well as cell dryout from undesirably low water content in the cathode. We observe that the operating conditions leading to the highest power density during polarization are not generally the conditions that allow for long-term stable operation. This observation leads to new catalyst layer designs and gas diffusion layers. This study reports alkaline membrane fuel cells that can be operated continuously for over 1000 h at 600 mA cm-2 with voltage decay rate of only 32-μV h-1 - the best-reported durability to date.There is a need to understand the water dynamics of alkaline membrane fuel cells under various operating conditions to create electrodes that enable high performance and stable, long-term operation. Here we show, via operando neutron imaging and operando micro X-ray computed tomography, visualizations of the spatial and temporal distribution of liquid water in operating cells. We provide direct evidence for liquid water accumulation at the anode, which causes severe ionomer swelling and performance loss, as well as cell dryout from undesirably low water content in the cathode. We observe that the operating conditions leading to the highest power density during polarization are not generally the conditions that allow for long-term stable operation. This observation leads to new catalyst layer designs and gas diffusion layers. This study reports alkaline membrane fuel cells that can be operated continuously for over 1000 h at 600 mA cm-2 with voltage decay rate of only 32-μV h-1 - the best-reported durability to date. There is a need to understand the water dynamics of alkaline membrane fuel cells under various operating conditions to create electrodes that enable high performance and stable, long-term operation. Here we show, via operando neutron imaging and operando micro X-ray computed tomography, visualizations of the spatial and temporal distribution of liquid water in operating cells. We provide direct evidence for liquid water accumulation at the anode, which causes severe ionomer swelling and performance loss, as well as cell dryout from undesirably low water content in the cathode. We observe that the operating conditions leading to the highest power density during polarization are not generally the conditions that allow for long-term stable operation. This observation leads to new catalyst layer designs and gas diffusion layers. This study reports alkaline membrane fuel cells that can be operated continuously for over 1000 h at 600 mA cm −2 with voltage decay rate of only 32-μV h −1 – the best-reported durability to date. |
| ArticleNumber | 3561 |
| Author | Kulkarni, Devashish Omasta, Travis J. Ng, Benjamin LaManna, Jacob M. Mustain, William E. Varcoe, John R. Wang, Lianqin Hussey, Daniel S. Zheng, Yiwei Huang, Ying Zenyuk, Iryna V. Peng, Xiong |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Xiong orcidid: 0000-0001-8737-5830 surname: Peng fullname: Peng, Xiong organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina – sequence: 2 givenname: Devashish surname: Kulkarni fullname: Kulkarni, Devashish organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine – sequence: 3 givenname: Ying orcidid: 0000-0002-8356-6194 surname: Huang fullname: Huang, Ying organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine – sequence: 4 givenname: Travis J. surname: Omasta fullname: Omasta, Travis J. organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina – sequence: 5 givenname: Benjamin surname: Ng fullname: Ng, Benjamin organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina – sequence: 6 givenname: Yiwei surname: Zheng fullname: Zheng, Yiwei organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina – sequence: 7 givenname: Lianqin surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Lianqin organization: Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey – sequence: 8 givenname: Jacob M. orcidid: 0000-0002-7105-022X surname: LaManna fullname: LaManna, Jacob M. organization: National Institute for Standards and Technology – sequence: 9 givenname: Daniel S. surname: Hussey fullname: Hussey, Daniel S. organization: National Institute for Standards and Technology – sequence: 10 givenname: John R. surname: Varcoe fullname: Varcoe, John R. organization: Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey – sequence: 11 givenname: Iryna V. surname: Zenyuk fullname: Zenyuk, Iryna V. organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Irvine – sequence: 12 givenname: William E. orcidid: 0000-0001-7804-6410 surname: Mustain fullname: Mustain, William E. email: mustainw@mailbox.sc.edu organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32678101$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1647312$$D View this record in Osti.gov |
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| Snippet | There is a need to understand the water dynamics of alkaline membrane fuel cells under various operating conditions to create electrodes that enable high... Modern alkaline membrane fuel cells have generally shown very poor operational stability. Here, the authors combine operando neutron imaging and X-ray computed... |
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| SubjectTerms | 639/4077/893 639/638/161/893 Catalysts Computed tomography Decay rate Diffusion layers Electrode polarization Electrodes ENERGY STORAGE Fuel cells Fuel technology Gaseous diffusion Humanities and Social Sciences Ionomers Membranes Moisture content multidisciplinary Science Science (multidisciplinary) Stability Temporal distribution Water Water content X ray imagery |
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| Title | Using operando techniques to understand and design high performance and stable alkaline membrane fuel cells |
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