Cancer vaccines as promising immuno-therapeutics: platforms and current progress

• Published in: Journal of hematology and oncology Vol. 15; no. 1; p. 28
• Main Authors: Liu, Jian, Fu, Minyang, Wang, Manni, Wan, Dandan, Wei, Yuquan, Wei, Xiawei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 18.03.2022; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Antigens, Neoplasm; B cells; Cancer; Cancer vaccine; Cancer Vaccines; Clinical application; Development and progression; Health aspects; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Immunotherapy; Neoplasms - drug therapy; Nucleic acids; Oncology, Experimental; Peptides; Review; Tumor antigens; Tumor resistance; Tumors; Cancer vaccine; Clinical application; Immunotherapy; Tumor antigens; Tumor resistance
• ISSN: 1756-8722; 1756-8722
• DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01247-x

Research on tumor immunotherapy has made tremendous progress in the past decades, with numerous studies entering the clinical evaluation. The cancer vaccine is considered a promising therapeutic strategy in the immunotherapy of solid tumors. Cancer vaccine stimulates anti-tumor immunity with tumor antigens, which could be delivered in the form of whole cells, peptides, nucleic acids, etc. Ideal cancer vaccines could overcome the immune suppression in tumors and induce both humoral immunity and cellular immunity. In this review, we introduced the working mechanism of cancer vaccines and summarized four platforms for cancer vaccine development. We also highlighted the clinical research progress of the cancer vaccines, especially focusing on their clinical application and therapeutic efficacy, which might hopefully facilitate the future design of the cancer vaccine.