Inter-subject correlation during long narratives reveals widespread neural correlates of reading ability

• Published in: NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.) Vol. 282; p. 120390
• Main Authors: Jangraw, David C., Finn, Emily S., Bandettini, Peter A., Landi, Nicole, Sun, Haorui, Hoeft, Fumiko, Chen, Gang, Pugh, Kenneth R., Molfese, Peter J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 15.11.2023; Elsevier Limited; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adolescent; Brain - diagnostic imaging; Brain - physiology; Brain Mapping; Brain research; Cognition; Correlation analysis; Dyslexia; Efficiency; fMRI; Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Humans; Hypotheses; Information processing; Inter-subject correlation; Language; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Medical imaging; Narrative; Narratives; Naturalism; Naturalistic; Neuroimaging; Reading; Reading disabilities; Semantics; Sensory integration; Teenagers; Young Adult; Young adults; IPL; MidFG; STG; WASI; GLM; SPL; LingG; VWFA; Narrative; Naturalistic; BOLD; Cun; Oc-T; pCun; Precun; AG; SMA; IQ; TOWRE; SMG; ROI; PCA; fMRI; FWHM; PreCG; NN; WJ3; IS-RSA; CalG; CerVer; IFG; AnnaK; FDR; IFG-pOper-pTri; ISC; IOG; ACC; DLPFC; Fus; LME; FEF; MidCC; SOG; MidOG; Reading; MidTG; TMP; TP; Inter-subject correlation; TR; EPI
• ISSN: 1053-8119; 1095-9572; 1095-9572
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120390

•75 adolescents read and heard time-locked narratives during an fMRI scan.•Inter-subject correlation (ISC) was used to analyze reading ability's impact.•ISC was more sensitive to individual differences in reading ability than GLMs.•Reading ability affects brain activity in more regions than previously thought.•Worse readers had more idiosyncratic responses than better readers across the brain. Recent work using fMRI inter-subject correlation analysis has provided new information about the brain's response to video and audio narratives, particularly in frontal regions not typically activated by single words. This approach is very well suited to the study of reading, where narrative is central to natural experience. But since past reading paradigms have primarily presented single words or phrases, the influence of narrative on semantic processing in the brain – and how that influence might change with reading ability – remains largely unexplored. In this study, we presented coherent stories to adolescents and young adults with a wide range of reading abilities. The stories were presented in alternating visual and auditory blocks. We used a dimensional inter-subject correlation analysis to identify regions in which better and worse readers had varying levels of consistency with other readers. This analysis identified a widespread set of brain regions in which activity timecourses were more similar among better readers than among worse readers. These differences were not detected with standard block activation analyses. Worse readers had higher correlation with better readers than with other worse readers, suggesting that the worse readers had “idiosyncratic” responses rather than using a single compensatory mechanism. Close inspection confirmed that these differences were not explained by differences in IQ or motion. These results suggest an expansion of the current view of where and how reading ability is reflected in the brain, and in doing so, they establish inter-subject correlation as a sensitive tool for future studies of reading disorders.