Evaluation of Cyclin D1 protein and its association with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of lung cancer: A retrospective study from Southern Kerala, India

• Published in: Lung India Vol. 41; no. 6; pp. 429 - 434
• Main Authors: Panakkal, Neeraja, Lekshmi, Asha, Nair, Jagathnath K. K. M., Sujathan, Kunjuraman
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 01.11.2024; Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd; Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
• Edition: 2
• Subjects: Cyclin D proteins; cyclin d1; Development and progression; Health aspects; immunohistochemistry; Lung cancer; Medical prognosis; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Original; Original Article; Physiological aspects; Prognosis; Squamous cell carcinoma; India; Kerala India; lung cancer; immunohistochemistry; Cyclin D1; prognosis
• ISSN: 0970-2113; 0974-598X
• DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_257_24

ABSTRACT Background: Cyclin D1 is a protein that can enhance the proliferation of cancer cells and has been detected in various malignancies, including lung cancer. However, routine examinations for Cyclin D1 in lung cancer cases have not been conducted in Kerala. Aim: This study sought to evaluate the links between cyclin D1 expression, clinicopathological characteristics, and 2-year survival rates in lung cancer. Methods: This retrospective cohort study used medical records and paraffin blocks of lung cancer patients at the Regional Cancer Centre in Kerala, India, between 2015 and 2018. The data were collected from 61 subjects, comprising of lung adenocarcinoma (18%), lung squamous cell carcinoma (27.9%), non-small-cell lung carcinoma (18%), poorly differentiated carcinoma (19.7%), and negative for malignant cells (16.4%). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS. Results: The study revealed that 31.10% of the lung cancer patients exhibited overexpression of cyclin D1. A significant correlation was observed between cyclin D1 expression and histopathological results (P = 0.002), indicating that the level of cyclin D1 might be linked to specific histopathological subtypes of lung cancer. Despite this significant finding, cyclin D1 expression did not show any association with the clinical stage of the cancer or other clinical characteristics of the patients. Furthermore, when examining the 2-year survival rates of the patients, the study found no significant difference between those who had overexpression of cyclin D1 and those who did not (P = 0.145). Conclusion: Cyclin D1 expression was associated with histology type of lung cancer with no significant association to prognosis.