Independent Elaboration of Steroid Hormone Signaling Pathways in Metazoans

Steroid hormones regulate many physiological processes in vertebrates, nematodes, and arthropods through binding to nuclear receptors (NR), a metazoan-specif ic family of ligand-activated transcription factors. The main steps controlling the diversification of this family are now well-understood. In...

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Published inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 106; no. 29; pp. 11913 - 11918
Main Authors Markov, Gabriel V., Tavares, Raquel, Dauphin-Villemant, Chantal, Demeneix, Barbara A., Baker, Michael E., Laudet, Vincent, Gustafsson, Jan Åke
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States National Academy of Sciences 21.07.2009
National Acad Sciences
Subjects
Animals
arthropods
Biological Sciences
Computer Science
cytochrome P-450
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - genetics
Endocrine system
Enzymes
Evolution
Evolution, Molecular
Gene Duplication
genome
Genomics
Hormones
Hormones - metabolism
Life Sciences
Ligands
Likelihood Functions
Models, Genetic
Molecules
Nematoda
Nematodes
Nuclear receptors
Oxidoreductases - genetics
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Receptors
Signal Transduction
Species Specificity
Steroid hormones
steroidogenesis
Steroids
Steroids - metabolism
transcription factors
Vertebrates
Vertebrates - genetics
Xenobiotics
STEROIDOGENESIS
EVOLUTION
GENOMIQUE
NUCLEAR-RECEPTOR LIGAND
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Summary:Steroid hormones regulate many physiological processes in vertebrates, nematodes, and arthropods through binding to nuclear receptors (NR), a metazoan-specif ic family of ligand-activated transcription factors. The main steps controlling the diversification of this family are now well-understood. In contrast the origin and evolution of steroid ligands remain mysterious, although this is crucial for understanding the emergence of modern endocrine systems. Using a comparative genomic approach, we analyzed complete metazoan genomes to provide a comprehensive view of the evolution of major enzymatic players implicated in steroidogenesis at the whole metazoan scale. Our analysis reveals that steroidogenesis has been independently elaborated in the 3 main bilaterian lineages, and that steroidogenic cytochrome P450 enzymes descended from those that detoxify xenobiotics.
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PMCID: PMC2715501
Author contributions: G.V.M. and V.L. designed research; G.V.M. performed research; G.V.M., R.T., and V.L. analyzed data; and G.V.M., C.D.-V., B.A.D., M.E.B., and V.L. wrote the paper.
Edited by Jan-Åke Gustafsson, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, and approved May 26, 2009
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0812138106