Male Circumcision for the Prevention of HSV-2 and HPV Infections and Syphilis

• Published in: The New England journal of medicine Vol. 360; no. 13; pp. 1298 - 1309
• Main Authors: Tobian, Aaron A.R, Serwadda, David, Quinn, Thomas C, Kigozi, Godfrey, Gravitt, Patti E, Laeyendecker, Oliver, Charvat, Blake, Ssempijja, Victor, Riedesel, Melissa, Oliver, Amy E, Nowak, Rebecca G, Moulton, Lawrence H, Chen, Michael Z, Reynolds, Steven J, Wawer, Maria J, Gray, Ronald H
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Waltham, MA Massachusetts Medical Society 26.03.2009
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Biological and medical sciences; Circumcision; Circumcision, Male; Condoms - statistics & numerical data; Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; General aspects; Genotype; Herpes Genitalis - epidemiology; Herpes Genitalis - prevention & control; Herpesvirus 2, Human - isolation & purification; HIV; Human immunodeficiency virus; Human papillomavirus; Humans; Incidence; Infections; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Male; Medical sciences; Men; Papillomaviridae - genetics; Papillomaviridae - isolation & purification; Papillomavirus Infections - epidemiology; Papillomavirus Infections - prevention & control; Prevalence; Prevention and actions; Public health. Hygiene; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine; Sexual Behavior; Syphilis - epidemiology; Syphilis - prevention & control; Treponema pallidum - isolation & purification; Young Adult; Uganda; Herpesviridae; Alphaherpesvirinae; Male; Papovaviridae; Treponematosis; Infection; Papillomavirus; Virus; Medicine; Prevention; Human papillomavirus; Sexually transmitted disease; Spirochaetosis; Syphilis; Viral disease; Bacteriosis; Human herpesvirus 2; Circumcision
• ISSN: 0028-4793; 1533-4406; 1533-4406
• DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa0802556

Male circumcision has been shown to reduce the acquisition of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in circumcised men. In two studies in Uganda involving 3393 adolescent boys and men who were seronegative for HIV and for herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), circumcision reduced the acquisition of HSV-2 and the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection but not the acquisition of syphilis. In two studies in Uganda, circumcision reduced the acquisition of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection but not the acquisition of syphilis. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and syphilis are common sexually transmitted infections. HSV-2 infection and syphilis are two of the main causes of genital ulceration 1 – 3 and have been associated with an increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in observational studies. 1 , 2 , 4 The prevalence of HPV is significantly increased in developing nations. 5 HPV infection can cause genital warts, and high-risk HPV genotypes are associated with penile and anal cancer, as well as with cervical cancer in female partners. 5 , 6 Three randomized trials and multiple observational studies showed that male circumcision significantly . . .