Aging-associated inflammation and fibrosis in arachnoid membrane

• Published in: BMC neurology Vol. 21; no. 1; p. 169
• Main Authors: Suzuki, Hime, Mikami, Takeshi, Iwahara, Naotoshi, Akiyama, Yukinori, Wanibuchi, Masahiko, Komatsu, Katsuya, Yokoyama, Rintaro, Hirano, Tsukasa, Hosoda, Ryusuke, Horio, Yoshiyuki, Kuno, Atsushi, Mikuni, Nobuhiro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 21.04.2021; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Aging; Arachnoid; Arachnoid membrane; Atherosclerosis; Brain cancer; Cardiovascular disease; CD86 antigen; Central nervous system diseases; Cerebrovascular disease; Cholesterol; Cytokine; Cytokines; Development and progression; Ethics; Family medical history; Fibroblasts; Fibrosis; Gene expression; Growth factors; Health aspects; Hospitals; Hyperplasia; Inflammation; Meninges; Metabolic disorders; Neurosurgery; Patients; Thermal cycling; Transforming growth factor-a; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Japan; United States > US; Aging; Inflammation; Arachnoid membrane; Cytokine; Fibrosis
• ISSN: 1471-2377; 1471-2377
• DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02202-y

The physiological and pathological significance of the arachnoid membrane (AM) is still unknown. In this study, we investigated various characteristics of the AM, focusing on the influence of inflammation and fibrosis. Small pieces of AM sample were obtained during neurosurgical procedures from 74 cases. The clinical and pathological characteristics of the hyperplastic AM group (≥ 50 μm) and the non-hyperplastic AM group (< 50 μm) were compared. Then, potential correlations between AM thickness and clinical characteristics were analyzed. Moreover, VEGFα, TGFβ, and TGFα levels were quantitated by real time PCR. Then, the potential correlations between AM thickness and these inflammatory or anti-inflammatory markers, and the influence of the original disease were calculated. The median age of the patients in hyperplastic AM group was significantly older than that of the non-hyperplastic AM group. Moreover, the number of fibroblasts, CD68 cells, CD86 cells, and CD206 cells in the hyperplastic AM group was significantly higher than that in the non-hyperplastic AM group. The AM thickness was significantly correlated to age and number of fibroblasts, CD68 cells, CD86 cells, and CD206 cells. The thickness of the AM was significantly correlated to the messenger RNA expression levels of VEGFα (ρ = 0.337), and the VEGFα expression levels were significantly correlated with TGFβ and TNFα. The AM hyperplasia was influenced by aging and could be a result of inflammation and fibrosis through cytokine secretion from the inflammatory cells and fibroblasts in the AM.