Biological function simulation in neuromorphic devices: from synapse and neuron to behavior

• Published in: Science and technology of advanced materials Vol. 24; no. 1; p. 2183712
• Main Authors: Chen, Hui, Li, Huilin, Ma, Ting, Han, Shuangshuang, Zhao, Qiuping
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Taylor & Francis 31.12.2023; Taylor & Francis Ltd; Taylor & Francis Group
• Subjects: artificial intelligence; Behavior; Brain; Brain research; Conditioned reflexes; Data storage; Devices; Energy consumption; Focus on Materials and Technologies for Memristors and Neuromorphic Devices; memristor; Nervous system; Neuromorphic computing; neuron; Neurons; Quantum dots; R&D; Research & development; Review; Simulation; synapse; Transistors; neuron; synapse; artificial intelligence; Neuromorphic computing; memristor
• ISSN: 1468-6996; 1878-5514
• DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2023.2183712

As the boom of data storage and processing, brain-inspired computing provides an effective approach to solve the current problem. Various emerging materials and devices have been reported to promote the development of neuromorphic computing. Thereinto, the neuromorphic device represented by memristor has attracted extensive research due to its outstanding property to emulate the brain's functions from synaptic plasticity, sensory-memory neurons to some intelligent behaviors of living creatures. Herein, we mainly review the progress of these brain functions mimicked by neuromorphic devices, concentrating on synapse (i.e. various synaptic plasticity trigger by electricity and/or light), neurons (including the various sensory nervous system) and intelligent behaviors (such as conditioned reflex represented by Pavlov's dog experiment). Finally, some challenges and prospects related to neuromorphic devices are presented.