Microbial involvement in Alzheimer disease development and progression

• Published in: Molecular neurodegeneration Vol. 15; no. 1; pp. 42 - 12
• Main Authors: Bulgart, Hannah R., Neczypor, Evan W., Wold, Loren E., Mackos, Amy R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 24.07.2020; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Advertising executives; Alzheimer disease; Alzheimer Disease - genetics; Alzheimer Disease - metabolism; Alzheimer Disease - pathology; Alzheimer's disease; Amyloid - metabolism; Antimicrobial agents; Brain - metabolism; Brain - pathology; Cytokines; Dementia disorders; Development and progression; Disease Progression; Gut microbiota; Humans; Inflammation; Kinases; Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms); Microorganisms; Mutation; Neurodegenerative diseases; Neurofibrillary tangles; Neurofibrillary Tangles - pathology; Neurotoxicity; Oral microbiota; Pathogenesis; Pathogens; Peptides; Phosphorylation; Plaque, Amyloid - pathology; Proteins; Review; Senile plaques; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Type 2 diabetes; Gut microbiota; Alzheimer disease; Oral microbiota
• ISSN: 1750-1326; 1750-1326
• DOI: 10.1186/s13024-020-00378-4

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most prominent form of dementia and the 5th leading cause of death in individuals over 65. AD is a complex disease stemming from genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. It is known that AD patients have increased levels of senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuroinflammation; however, the mechanism(s) by which the plaques, tangles, and neuroinflammation manifest remain elusive. A recent hypothesis has emerged that resident bacterial populations contribute to the development and progression of AD by contributing to neuroinflammation, senile plaque formation, and potentially neurofibrillary tangle accumulation (Fig. 1). This review will highlight recent studies involved in elucidating microbial involvement in AD development and progression.