DNA repair goes hip-hop: SMARCA and CHD chromatin remodellers join the break dance

• Published in: Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological sciences Vol. 372; no. 1731; p. 20160285
• Main Authors: Rother, Magdalena B., van Attikum, Haico
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England The Royal Society 05.10.2017; The Royal Society Publishing
• Subjects: Animals; ATP; Biological evolution; Cancer; Chd; Chromatin; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; Chromatin remodeling; Chromatin Remodellers; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone - metabolism; Dance; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded; DNA damage; Dna Double-Strand Break (dsb); DNA Helicases - metabolism; DNA Repair; DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism; Double-strand break repair; Dsb Repair; Dsb Signalling; Genomes; Genomic instability; Hip; Humans; Packaging; Repair; Review; Signaling; Smarca; Stability; Transcription Factors - metabolism; DSB repair; DSB signalling; chromatin remodellers; CHD; SMARCA; DNA double-strand break (DSB)
• ISSN: 0962-8436; 1471-2970
• DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0285

Proper signalling and repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) is critical to prevent genome instability and diseases such as cancer. The packaging of DNA into chromatin, however, has evolved as a mere obstacle to these DSB responses. Posttranslational modifications and ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling help to overcome this barrier by modulating nucleosome structures and allow signalling and repair machineries access to DSBs in chromatin. Here we recap our current knowledge on how ATP-dependent SMARCA- and CHD-type chromatin remodellers alter chromatin structure during the signalling and repair of DSBs and discuss how their dysfunction impacts genome stability and human disease. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Chromatin modifiers and remodellers in DNA repair and signalling’.