Improvement of antioxidant status after Brazil nut intake in hypertensive and dyslipidemic subjects

• Published in: Nutrition journal Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 54 - 43
• Main Authors: Huguenin, G. V. B, Oliveira, G. M. M, Moreira, A. S. B, Saint’Pierre, Tatiana D, Gonçalves, Rodrigo A, Pinheiro-Mulder, A. R, Teodoro, A. J, Luiz, R. R, Rosa, G
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Springer-Verlag 29.05.2015; BioMed Central Ltd; BioMed Central
• Subjects: Aged; Analysis; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; Antioxidants - metabolism; Bertholletia - chemistry; biomarkers; Biomarkers - blood; Blood lipids; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Brazil nuts; Cholesterol, HDL - blood; Cholesterol, LDL - blood; Cross-Over Studies; diabetes; Diet; Double-Blind Method; drugs; Dyslipidemias - blood; Dyslipidemias - diet therapy; Female; gender; glutathione peroxidase; Glutathione Peroxidase - blood; Health aspects; Humans; Hypertension - blood; Hypertension - diet therapy; Linear Models; low density lipoprotein; Male; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; men; Middle Aged; Nutritional Status; Nuts - chemistry; oxidation; Oxidative Stress; patients; Physiological aspects; placebos; Selenium; Selenium - blood; Surveys and Questionnaires; Triglycerides - blood; Brazil
• ISSN: 1475-2891; 1475-2891
• DOI: 10.1186/s12937-015-0043-y

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of partially defatted Granulated Brazil nut (GBN) on biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status of hypertensive and dyslipidemic patients on nutrition and drug approaches. METHODS: Ninety one hypertensive and dyslipidemic subjects of both genders (51.6 % men), mean age 62.1 ± 9.3 years, performed a randomized crossover trial, double-blind, placebo controlled. Subjects received a diet and partially defatted GBN 13 g per day (≈227.5 μg/day of selenium) or placebo for twelve weeks with four-week washout interval. Anthropometric, laboratory and clinic characteristics were investigated at baseline. Plasma selenium (Se), plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPx3) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), 8-epi PGF₂α and oxidized LDL were evaluated at the beginning and in the end of each intervention. RESULTS: GBN intake significantly increased plasma Se from 87.0 ± 16.8 to 180.6 ± 67.1 μg/L, increased GPx3 activity in 24,8 % (from 112.66 ± 40.09 to 128.32 ± 38.31 nmol/min/mL, p < 0,05), and reduced 3.25 % of oxidized-LDL levels (from 66.31 ± 23.59 to 60.68 ± 20.88 U/L, p < 0.05). An inverse association between GPx3 and oxidized LDL levels was observed after supplementation with GBN by simple model (β -0.232, p = 0.032) and after adjustment for gender, age, diabetes and BMI (β -0.298, p = 0.008). There wasn’t association between GPx3 and 8-epi PGF₂α (β -0.209, p = 0.052) by simple model. CONCLUSION: The partially defatted GBN intake has a potential benefit to increase plasma selenium, increase enzymatic antioxidant activity of GPx3 and to reduction oxidation in LDL in hypertensive and dyslipidemic patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01990391 ; November 20, 2013.