Mucosal and systemic immune responses by intranasal immunization using archaeal lipid-adjuvanted vaccines

• Published in: Vaccine Vol. 25; no. 51; pp. 8622 - 8636
• Main Authors: Patel, Girishchandra B., Zhou, Hongyan, Ponce, Amalia, Chen, Wangxue
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 12.12.2007; Elsevier; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Adjuvant; Adjuvants, Immunologic - pharmacology; Administration, Intranasal; Allergy and Immunology; Animals; Applied microbiology; Archaea - chemistry; Archaeal lipid; Bacteriology; Biological and medical sciences; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Glycerol; Glyceryl Ethers - pharmacology; Halobacterium salinarum - chemistry; Immune system; Immunity - drug effects; Immunity, Mucosal - drug effects; Immunization; Immunoglobulin A - analysis; Immunoglobulin A - biosynthesis; Immunoglobulin G - analysis; Immunoglobulin G - biosynthesis; Immunologic Memory; Lipids; Lipids - chemistry; Lipids - pharmacology; Lymphocytes; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microbiology; Miscellaneous; Mucosal vaccine; Ovalbumin - immunology; Rodents; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic - immunology; Thermoplasma - chemistry; Vaccines; Vaccines - immunology; Vaccines, antisera, therapeutical immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies (general aspects); Mucosal vaccine; Archaeal lipid; Adjuvant; Immunization; Immune response; Archaeobacteria; Immunological adjuvant; Mucosa; Bacteria; Lipids; Vaccine; Intranasal administration
• ISSN: 0264-410X; 1873-2518
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.09.042

The utility of archaeal polar lipids as an adjuvant/delivery system for elicitation of antigen-specific mucosal immune responses in intranasally administered vaccines was investigated. Although unilamellar archaeosomes (liposomes made from archaeal polar lipids) with encapsulated ovalbumin (OVA/archaeosomes) induced anti-OVA IgG antibody responses in sera, they failed to induce anti-OVA IgA antibody responses at mucosal sites. However, the addition of CaCl 2 to convert OVA/archaeosomes into an archaeal lipid mucosal vaccine adjuvant and delivery (AMVAD) vaccine (OVA/AMVAD) consisting of larger, particulate, aggregated structures resulted in an efficacious intranasal (i.n.) vaccine. Intranasal immunization of mice with OVA/AMVAD vaccines prepared from various archaeal polar lipid compositions elicited anti-OVA IgA antibody responses in sera, feces, bile, vaginal and nasal wash samples. The i.n. immunization also induced anti-OVA IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a antibody responses in sera, as well as cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. The mucosal and systemic immune responses induced by OVA/AMVAD immunization were generally sustained over several months, and were subject to memory boost responses. Thus, polar archaeal lipids appear to be promising for developing a non-replicating mucosal adjuvant and vaccine delivery system.