DNA barcoding does not separate South American Triatoma (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), Chagas Disease vectors

• Published in: Parasites & vectors Vol. 7; no. 1; p. 519
• Main Authors: Justi, Silvia Andrade, Dale, Carolina, Galvão, Cleber
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Springer-Verlag 21.11.2014; BioMed Central Ltd; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Analysis; Animals; Bar codes; barcoding; Care and treatment; Chagas disease; Chagas Disease - transmission; Diagnosis; disease vectors; DNA; DNA - genetics; DNA barcoding; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic - methods; Genetic aspects; genetic distance; Health aspects; Hemiptera; Insect Vectors - genetics; Molecular identification; public health; Reduviidae; Reduviidae - genetics; Short Report; Species Specificity; Triatoma; Triatominae; South America; ASW, South America
• ISSN: 1756-3305; 1756-3305
• DOI: 10.1186/s13071-014-0519-1

BACKGROUND: DNA barcoding assumes that a biological entity is completely separated from its closest relatives by a barcoding gap, which means that intraspecific genetic distance (from COI sequences) should never be greater than interspecific distances. We investigated the applicability of this strategy in identifying species of the genus Triatoma from South America. FINDINGS: We calculated intra and interspecific Kimura-2-parameter distances between species from the infestans, matogrossensis, sordida and rubrovaria subcomplexes. In every subcomplex examined we observed at least one intraspecific distance greater than interspecific distances. CONCLUSIONS: Although DNA barcoding is a straightforward approach, it was not applicable for identifying Southern American Triatoma species, which may have diverged recently. Thus, caution should be taken in identifying vector species using this approach, especially in groups where accurate identification of taxa is fundamentally linked to public health issues.