Reactive Oxygen Species in Endothelial Function　– From Disease to Adaptation

• Published in: Circulation Journal Vol. 79; no. 6; pp. 1145 - 1155
• Main Authors: Craige, Siobhan M., Kant, Shashi, Keaney, John F., Jr
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan The Japanese Circulation Society 2015
• Subjects: Acetylcholine - pharmacology; Adaptation, Physiological; Angiogenesis; Animals; Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology; Endothelial dysfunction; Endothelial function; Endothelium, Vascular - drug effects; Endothelium, Vascular - physiology; Endothelium, Vascular - physiopathology; Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors - physiology; Humans; Hypoxia - physiopathology; NADPH Oxidases - physiology; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Nitric Oxide - physiology; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III - physiology; Oxidative stress; Reactive oxygen species; Reactive Oxygen Species - immunology; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Signal Transduction - physiology; Vascular Resistance - physiology; Vasculitis - immunology; Vasculitis - physiopathology; Vasodilation - physiology
• ISSN: 1346-9843; 1347-4820
• DOI: 10.1253/circj.CJ-15-0464

Endothelial function is largely dictated by its ability to rapidly sense environmental cues and adapt to these stimuli through changes in vascular tone, inflammation/immune recruitment, and angiogenesis. When any one of these abilities is compromised, the endothelium becomes dysfunctional, which ultimately leads to disease. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been established at the forefront of endothelial dysfunction; however, more careful examination has demonstrated that ROS are fundamental to each of the sensing/signaling roles of the endothelium. The purpose of this review is to document endothelial ROS production in both disease and physiological adaptation. Through understanding new endothelial signaling paradigms, we will gain insight into more targeted therapeutic strategies for vascular diseases. (Circ J 2015; 79: 1145–1155)