Prognostic factors of open-globe injuries: A review

• Published in: Indian journal of ophthalmology Vol. 71; no. 12; pp. 3587 - 3594
• Main Authors: Tan, Sze Ing, Hoskin, Annette K, Khatri, Anadi, Dave, Vivek P, Bhalerao, Sushank, Romero, Jose, Agrawal, Rupesh
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd 01.12.2023; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd; Wolters Kluwer - Medknow; Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
• Subjects: Acuity; Eye; Eye Injuries - complications; Eye Injuries - diagnosis; Eye Injuries - epidemiology; Eye Injuries, Penetrating - diagnosis; Eye Injuries, Penetrating - epidemiology; Eye Injuries, Penetrating - surgery; Hemorrhage; Humans; Injuries; ocular trauma; open globe injury; Prognosis; prognostic factors; Retinal Detachment; Retrospective Studies; Review; Sensory neurons; Trauma; Trauma Severity Indices; Visual Acuity; India
• ISSN: 0301-4738; 1998-3689
• DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_1496_23

Open-globe injuries (OGI) can lead to significant visual impairment. The Ocular Trauma Score (OTS) is the most widely recognized tool for predicting visual outcomes. This review aimed to identify prognostic factors and assess the effectiveness of the OTS in predicting visual outcomes. Twenty-one articles published on PubMed and Google Scholar were analyzed. Initial visual acuity and the zone of injury were found to be the most significant prognostic factors for OGI. Other significant prognostic factors include retinal detachment/involvement, relative afferent pupillary defect, vitreous hemorrhage, vitreous prolapse, type of injury, hyphema, lens involvement, and duration from incidence of OGI to vitrectomy. Of the 21 studies evaluated, 11 investigated the effectiveness of OTS. Four studies concluded that OTS was effective overall, while six studies suggested that it was only useful in certain OGI categories. Thus, there is a need for further research to develop an optimized ocular trauma prognosticating system.