Essential Roles of Natural Products and Gaseous Mediators on Neuronal Cell Death or Survival

Although precise cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration still remain enigmatic, key factors associated with degenerative disorders, such as glutamate toxicity and oxidative stress, have been recently identified. Accordingly, there has been growing interest in examining the ef...

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Published inInternational journal of molecular sciences Vol. 17; no. 10; p. 1652
Main Authors Mikami, Yoshinori, Kakizawa, Sho, Yamazawa, Toshiko
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 29.09.2016
MDPI
Subjects
Amino acids
Apoptosis
Cell death
chlorogenic acid
glutamate neurotoxicity
Hydrogen sulfide
neuroprotection
Neurotoxicity
Nitric oxide
Review
nitric oxide
hydrogen sulfide
glutamate neurotoxicity
chlorogenic acid
neuroprotection
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Summary:Although precise cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration still remain enigmatic, key factors associated with degenerative disorders, such as glutamate toxicity and oxidative stress, have been recently identified. Accordingly, there has been growing interest in examining the effects of exogenous and endogenous molecules on neuroprotection and neurodegeneration. In this paper, we review recent studies on neuroprotective and/or neurodegenerative effects of natural products, such as caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid, and gaseous mediators, including hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide. Furthermore, possible molecular mechanisms of these molecules in relation to glutamate signals are discussed. Insight into the pathophysiological role of these molecules will make progress in our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases, and is expected to lead to potential therapeutic approaches.
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ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms17101652