Effects of Oakmoss Components on Extra- and Intracellular Legionella pneumophila and Its Host Acanthamoeba castellanii

Acanthamoeba castellanii is a ubiquitous organism found in environmental water. The amoeba is pathogenic to toward humans and is also a reservoir of bacteria of the genus Legionella, a causative agent of legionellosis. Oakmoss, a source of natural fragrance ingredients, and its components are antiba...

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Published inBiocontrol Science Vol. 27; no. 1; pp. 21 - 29
Main Authors NOMURA, HARUE, SUDA, NOBUMASA, KAWANO, YASUYO, ISSHIKI, YASUNORI, SAKUDA, KEISUKE, SAKUMA, KATSUYA, KONDO, SEIICHI
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Japan The Society for Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents, Japan 01.01.2022
Japan Science and Technology Agency
Subjects
Acanthamoeba castellanii
Amoeba
Amoebicidal activity
Antibacterial activity
Antibacterial agents
Antibiotics
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
Bacteria
Components
Disinfectants
Humans
Intracellular
Legionella
Legionella pneumophila
Legionnaires' disease bacterium
Oakmoss
Pathogens
Resins, Plant - pharmacology
Terpenes - pharmacology
Antibacterial activity
Legionella pneumophila
Oakmoss
Acanthamoeba castellanii
Amoebicidal activity
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Summary:Acanthamoeba castellanii is a ubiquitous organism found in environmental water. The amoeba is pathogenic to toward humans and is also a reservoir of bacteria of the genus Legionella, a causative agent of legionellosis. Oakmoss, a source of natural fragrance ingredients, and its components are antibacterial agents that are specifically active against the genus Legionella. In the present study, oakmoss and its components were investigated for their inhibitory effects on total (extra- and intracellular) Legionella pneumophila within A. castellanii and on L. pneumophila within A. castellanii. Among the oakmoss components, 3-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoate (1), 3-methoxy-5-methylphenyl 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoate (2), and 8-(2,4-dihydroxy-6-(2-oxoheptyl)phenoxy)-6-hydroxy-3-pentyl-1H-isochromen-1-one (8) reduced the number of total bacteria (extra- and intracellular) in a test culture and also exhibited high amoebicidal activity against L. pneumophila within A. castellanii at concentrations lower than their IC50 values for A. castellanii. In contrast, 6,8-dihydroxy-3-pentyl-1H-isochromen-1-one (5) reduced the total number of L. pneumophila and, also that of total bacteria after 24 h of treatment (P < 0.05), whereas the compound did not exhibit amoebicidal activity against L. pneumophila within A. castellanii at concentrations lower than its IC50 value against A. castellanii. Thus, it is suggested that these oakmoss components could be good candidates for disinfectants to protect from Legionella infection.
ISSN:1342-4815
1884-0205
DOI:10.4265/bio.27.21