A novel therapeutic target for peripheral nerve injury-related diseases： aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases

• Published in: Neural regeneration research Vol. 10; no. 10; pp. 1656 - 1662
• Main Authors: Park, Byung Sun, Yeo, Seung Geun, Jung, Junyang, Jeong, Na Young
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd 01.10.2015; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology,School of Medicine,Kyung Hee University,Seoul,Republic of Korea%Department of Otolaryngolgy,Head and Neck Surgery,School of Medicine,Kyung Hee University,Seoul,Republic of Korea%Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology,College of Medicine,Dong-A University,Busan,Republic of Korea; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd; Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
• Subjects: Care and treatment; Cell cycle; Cellular signal transduction; Disease; Enzymes; Experiments; Health aspects; Hybridization; Immunoglobulins; Mars; Mutation; nerve regeneration; aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases; dorsal horn; peripheral nerve injury; in situ hybridization; neural regeneration; Nervous system; Neurons; Peripheral nervous system diseases; RNA polymerase; Signal transduction; Sperm; Spinal cord; Transfer RNA; 周围神经损伤; 外周神经损伤; 氨基酰-tRNA合成酶; 相关疾病; 神经胶质细胞; 细胞周期调控; 脊髓背角神经元; 药物治疗; China; United States > US; Germany; nerve regeneration; peripheral nerve injury; aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases; neural regeneration; dorsal horn; in situ hybridization
• ISSN: 1673-5374; 1876-7958
• DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.167766

Aminoacyl-t RNA synthetases（Amino ARSs） are essential enzymes that perform the first step of protein synthesis. Beyond their original roles, Amino ARSs possess non-canonical functions, such as cell cycle regulation and signal transduction. Therefore, Amino ARSs represent a powerful pharmaceutical target if their non-canonical functions can be controlled. Using Amino ARSs-specific primers, we screened m RNA expression in the spinal cord dorsal horn of rats with peripheral nerve injury created by sciatic nerve axotomy. Of 20 Amino ARSs, we found that phenylalanyl-t RNA synthetase beta chain（FARSB）, isoleucyl-t RNA synthetase（IARS） and methionyl-t RNA synthetase（MARS） m RNA expression was increased in spinal dorsal horn neurons on the injured side, but not in glial cells. These findings suggest the possibility that FARSB, IARS and MARS, as a neurotransmitter, may transfer abnormal sensory signals after peripheral nerve damage and become a new target for drug treatment.