Prevention and care of respiratory failure in obese patients

With the increase in the global prevalence of obesity, there is a parallel rise in the proportion of obese patients admitted to intensive care units, referred for major surgery or requiring long-term non-invasive ventilation (NIV) at home for chronic respiratory failure. We describe the physiologica...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inThe lancet respiratory medicine Vol. 4; no. 5; p. 407
Main Authors Pépin, Jean Louis, Timsit, Jean François, Tamisier, Renaud, Borel, Jean Christian, Lévy, Patrick, Jaber, Samir
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England 01.05.2016
Subjects
Chronic Disease
Critical Care - methods
Humans
Lung - physiopathology
Obesity - complications
Obesity - physiopathology
Respiration, Artificial - methods
Respiratory Insufficiency - etiology
Respiratory Insufficiency - physiopathology
Respiratory Insufficiency - prevention & control
Respiratory Mechanics - physiology
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Summary:With the increase in the global prevalence of obesity, there is a parallel rise in the proportion of obese patients admitted to intensive care units, referred for major surgery or requiring long-term non-invasive ventilation (NIV) at home for chronic respiratory failure. We describe the physiological effect of obesity on the respiratory system mainly in terms of respiratory mechanics, respiratory drive, and patency of the upper airways. Particular attention is given to the prevention and the clinical management of respiratory failure in obese patients with a main focus on invasive and NIV in intensive care during the perioperative period and long-term use of NIV on return home. We also address other aspects of care of obese patients, including antibiotic dosing and catheter-related infections.
ISSN:2213-2619
DOI:10.1016/S2213-2600(16)00054-0