Decreased serum vitamin D levels in early spontaneous pregnancy loss

• Published in: European journal of clinical nutrition Vol. 70; no. 9; pp. 1004 - 1008
• Main Authors: Hou, W, Yan, X-t, Bai, C-m, Zhang, X-w, Hui, L-y, Yu, X-w
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.09.2016; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-Hydroxylase - blood; 692/308/2778; 692/700/2814; Abortion, Spontaneous - blood; Abortion, Spontaneous - etiology; Adult; Case-Control Studies; Clinical Nutrition; Complications and side effects; Cross-Sectional Studies; Epidemiology; Female; Gestational Age; Gravidity; Humans; Internal Medicine; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolic Diseases; Miscarriage; Odds Ratio; Original; original-article; Parity; Pregnancy; Pregnancy - blood; Pregnancy complications; Pregnancy Complications - blood; Pregnancy Outcome; Public Health; Risk factors; Stillbirth; Vitamin D; Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives; Vitamin D - blood; Vitamin D deficiency; Vitamin D Deficiency - blood; Vitamin D Deficiency - complications
• ISSN: 0954-3007; 1476-5640
• DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.83

Background/Objectives: Effects of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy have been associated with some adverse pregnancy outcomes. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between vitamin D deficiency in childbearing aged women and pregnancy loss (PL) in the first trimester. Subjects/Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Plasma was collected from 60 nulliparous women with singleton at 7–9 weeks of gestation (30 with viable gestation and 30 with PL) and 60 non-gravid childbearing aged women (30 with a successful pregnancy history, and 30 with one or more spontaneous first-trimester PL history). Quantitation of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha hydroxylase (CYP27B1) was assayed. Results: By pregnancy/non-gravid, normal pregnant women had higher 25(OH)D (49.32 μg/l) and CYP27B1 (82.00 pg/ml) than PL women (34.49 μg/l and 37.87 pg/ml, both P <0.01); the non-gravid women with a successful pregnancy history also had higher 25(OH)D (39.56 μg/l) and CYP27B1 (39.04 pg/ml) than women with PL history (12.30 μg/l and 12.35 pg/ml, both P <0.01). The 96.7% of non-gravid women with PL history and 43.3% of PL women had serum 25(OH)D concentrations below 30 μg/l. There was a strong association between low vitamin D levels and PL (odds ratio 1.71; 95% confidence interval: 1.2–2.4, P <0.001). The regression analyses showed that PL was significantly inversely correlated with 25(OH)D ( P <0.01) and CYP27B1 levels ( P <0.01). Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency associated with PL in the first trimester of pregnancy. Decreased serum vitamin D levels among childbearing aged women with the failed clinical pregnancies history may predispose to increased risk for PL.