Intra-body dynamics of d-serine reflects the origin of kidney diseases

• Published in: Clinical and experimental nephrology Vol. 25; no. 8; pp. 893 - 901
• Main Authors: Okushima, Hiroki, Iwata, Yukimasa, Hesaka, Atsushi, Sugimori, Eri, Ikeda, Tatsuhiko, Nakane, Maiko, Mita, Masashi, Hayashi, Terumasa, Isaka, Yoshitaka, Kimura, Tomonori
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Singapore Springer Singapore 01.08.2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Biopsy; D-Serine; Female; High-performance liquid chromatography; Humans; Kidney diseases; Kidney Diseases - blood; Kidney Diseases - etiology; Kidney Diseases - urine; L-Serine; Lupus nephritis; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Middle Aged; Nephritis; Nephrology; Original; Original Article; Prospective Studies; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - blood; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - etiology; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - urine; Serine - blood; Serine - urine; Urology; Kidney biopsy; Biomarker; Chronic kidney disease; Diagnosis; Lupus nephritis; Serine; D-Serine
• ISSN: 1342-1751; 1437-7799
• DOI: 10.1007/s10157-021-02052-5

Introduction d -Serine, present only in trace amounts in humans, is now recognized as a biomarker of chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD is heterogeneous in its original kidney diseases, whose diagnoses require kidney biopsy. In this study, we examined whether the intra-body dynamics of d- serine, indexed by its blood and urinary levels, reflects the origin of kidney diseases. Methods Patients with six kinds of kidney disease undergoing kidney biopsy were enrolled in a single center. Levels of d- and l -serine were measured using two-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography. The associations between the origin of kidney diseases and the intra-body dynamics of d- serine were examined using multivariate cluster analyses. Results Unlike the non-CKD profile, patients with CKD showed broadly-distributed profiles of intra-body dynamics of d- serine. The plasma level of d- serine plays a key role in the detection of kidney diseases, whereas a combination of plasma and urinary levels of d- serine distinguished the origin of CKD, especially lupus nephritis. Conclusion Intra-body dynamics of d- serine have the potential to predict the origin of kidney diseases. Monitoring of d- serine may guide specific treatments for the origin of kidney diseases.