Power and Influence: A Theoretical Bridge

• Published in: Social forces Vol. 76; no. 2; pp. 571 - 603
• Main Authors: Willer, David, Lovaglia, Michael J., Markovsky, Barry
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chapel Hill, NC The University of North Carolina Press 01.12.1997; University of North Carolina Press; Oxford University Press
• Subjects: Analysis; Authority; Beliefs; Compliance (Psychology); Definitions; Emotion; Emotion theories; Emotional Response; Emotions; Energy resources; Expectation; Expectations; Experimental Programs; Feasibility Studies; General studies. Ideologies; Group behaviour; Group Dynamics; Identity theory; Inferences; Influence; Influence (Psychology); Interpersonal influence; Interpersonal relations; Networks; Political power; Political sociology; Power; Power (Social sciences); Power Structure; Power structures; Relationship; Sanctions; Social aspects; Social forces; Social Influence; Social Influences; Social interaction; Social power; Social psychology; Social Status; Social theories; Social theory; Sociological theories; Sociology; Theory; United States > US; Iowa; Status; Aspiration; Social group; Theory; Social structure; Criticism; Social Interaction; Social Exchange; Mediation; Emotions; Interpersonal Relationship; Resistance; Conceptualization; Influence; Reward; Expectation; Power
• ISSN: 0037-7732; 1534-7605
• DOI: 10.1093/sf/76.2.571

Frequently social theorists conflate power and influence, often subsuming influence under a broad conception of power. Two contemporary theories separate them. Elementary theory has investigated power, status characteristics and expectations states theory has investigated interpersonal influence, and neither theory has considered the phenomenon of the other. We use the two theories to explain how power produces influence and how influence produces power. We develop a theory that shows how the emotional reactions of group members mediate the influence produced by power. We examine some new data and hypothesize that influence produces power. We trace the consequences when power and influence are opposed within a single relationship. Implications outside the limitations of the laboratory are discussed along with new hypotheses to be tested.