Barriers and facilitators of weight management: Perspectives of the urban poor in Accra, Ghana

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 17; no. 8; p. e0272274
• Main Authors: Afrifa-Anane, Grace Frempong, Badasu, Delali Margaret, Codjoe, Samuel Nii Ardey, Anarfi, John Kwasi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: San Francisco Public Library of Science 08.08.2022; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Biology and Life Sciences; Body mass index; Body weight; Data analysis; Diabetes; Economic activity; Exercise; Focus groups; Food habits; Health care; Lifestyles; Low income groups; Management; Medicine and Health Sciences; Obesity; Overweight; Physical activity; Physical fitness; Physiological aspects; Prevention; Public health; Qualitative analysis; Qualitative research; Research methodology; Social interactions; Social support; Sociodemographics; Urban poverty; Weight control; Womens health; Ghana; Accra Ghana; Africa
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272274

Background Obesity is rising in sub-Saharan Africa and globally, and is a highly significant public health problem that needs urgent attention. To reduce the obesity prevalence levels and associated challenges, public health interventions highlight healthy eating and increased physical activity, which are key elements for weight management. Aim This study explored perceived factors that hinder or facilitate weight management in an urban poor context in Accra, Ghana. Methods A cross-sectional qualitative data was obtained from eight focus group discussions (FGDs) conducted among community members. The FGDs were audio recorded, transcribed, and analysed using thematic analysis. Results The findings indicate that weight management is mainly inhibited by the perception that healthy foods are expensive and not satisfying, laziness, lack of time to engage in physical activity, and social representation of being fat or slim. On the contrary, personal decision to manage weight and social support facilitated engagement in weight management. Conclusion The findings indicate that weight management is influenced by individual, community, and structural factors. These findings have programmatic implications in terms of health education strategies and messaging.