Noninvasive molecular imaging of small living subjects using Raman spectroscopy

Molecular imaging of living subjects continues to rapidly evolve with bioluminescence and fluorescence strategies, in particular being frequently used for small-animal models. This article presents noninvasive deep-tissue molecular images in a living subject with the use of Raman spectroscopy. We de...

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Published inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 105; no. 15; pp. 5844 - 5849
Main Authors Keren, S, Zavaleta, C, Cheng, Z, de la Zerda, A, Gheysens, O, Gambhir, S.S
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States National Academy of Sciences 15.04.2008
National Acad Sciences
Subjects
Animal models
Animals
Biological Sciences
Bioluminescence
carbon nanotubes
Diagnostic Imaging - methods
Fluorescence
image analysis
Imaging
Liver
Liver - cytology
Liver - metabolism
Liver - pathology
Medical imaging
Mice
Molecular imaging
Molecules
Multiplexing
Nanoparticles
Nanoparticles - administration & dosage
Nanotechnology
Nanotubes
Phantoms, Imaging
Pharmacokinetics
Raman scattering
Raman spectroscopy
Spectroscopy
Spectrum analysis
Spectrum Analysis, Raman - methods
Tumors
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Summary:Molecular imaging of living subjects continues to rapidly evolve with bioluminescence and fluorescence strategies, in particular being frequently used for small-animal models. This article presents noninvasive deep-tissue molecular images in a living subject with the use of Raman spectroscopy. We describe a strategy for small-animal optical imaging based on Raman spectroscopy and Raman nanoparticles. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering nanoparticles and single-wall carbon nanotubes were used to demonstrate whole-body Raman imaging, nanoparticle pharmacokinetics, multiplexing, and in vivo tumor targeting, using an imaging system adapted for small-animal Raman imaging. The imaging modality reported here holds significant potential as a strategy for biomedical imaging of living subjects.
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Edited by Michael E. Phelps, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, and approved February 5, 2008
Author contributions: S.K. and C.Z. contributed equally to this work; S.K., C.Z., and S.S.G. designed research; S.K., C.Z., Z.C., A.d.l.Z., and O.G. performed research; C.Z. analyzed data; and S.K., C.L.Z., and S.S.G. wrote the paper.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0710575105