Risk factors for the development of parastomal hernia: A narrative review

• Published in: Saudi journal of medicine & medical sciences Vol. 11; no. 3; pp. 187 - 192
• Main Authors: Manole, Teodora, Daniel, Ion, Alexandra, Bolocan, Dan, Pãduraru, Andronic, Octavian
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Ltd 01.09.2023; Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd; Wolters Kluwer - Medknow; Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
• Subjects: colostomy; Hernia; incisional hernia; parastomal hernia; Review; Risk factors; stoma; parastomal hernia; stoma; risk factors; Colostomy; incisional hernia
• ISSN: 1658-631X; 2321-4856
• DOI: 10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_235_22

Parastomal hernia is one of the most common late complications after stoma formation, significantly decreasing patient's quality of life and negatively impacting body image and physical functioning. Progress has been made regarding the surgical technique of stoma creation in different categories of patients, but a better understanding of the risk factors is crucial in reducing the likeliness of parastomal hernia formation and in helping develop risk stratification strategies for pre-and post-operation management. However, currently there is limited consensus on the associated risk factors. Accordingly, for this narrative review, the authors conducted a literature review through three databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) and categorized the identified risk factors into the following three categories: patient-, surgery-, and disease-related. Within these categories, the following 10 risk factors were identified and discussed: age, gender, waist circumference, type of ostomy, laparoscopic approach, aperture size >3 cm, stoma not passing through the middle of rectus abdominis muscle, BMI >25 kg/m2, altered collagen metabolism, and diabetes.