Human alveolar bone cell proliferation, expression of osteoblastic phenotype, and matrix mineralization on porous titanium produced by powder metallurgy

• Published in: Clinical oral implants research Vol. 20; no. 5; pp. 472 - 481
• Main Authors: Rosa, Adalberto Luiz, Crippa, Grasiele Edilaine, De Oliveira, Paulo Tambasco, Taba Jr, Mario, Lefebvre, Louis-Philippe, Beloti, Marcio Mateus
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.05.2009
• Subjects: Alkaline Phosphatase - drug effects; Alkaline Phosphatase - metabolism; Alveolar Process - cytology; Alveolar Process - physiology; Analysis of Variance; Biocompatible Materials - chemistry; Biocompatible Materials - pharmacology; Bone Matrix; Calcification, Physiologic - drug effects; Calcification, Physiologic - physiology; Cell Adhesion - drug effects; Cell Adhesion - physiology; cell culture; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Dentistry; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects; Gene Expression Regulation - physiology; Humans; Metallurgy; Osseointegration - drug effects; Osseointegration - physiology; osteoblastic cells; Osteoblasts - cytology; Osteoblasts - drug effects; Osteoblasts - physiology; Osteogenesis - drug effects; Osteogenesis - physiology; Porosity; powder metallurgy; Rosa; titanium; Titanium - chemistry; Titanium - pharmacology
• ISSN: 0905-7161; 1600-0501
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2008.01662.x

Objective: This study aimed at investigating the influence of the porous titanium (Ti) structure on the osteogenic cell behaviour. Materials and methods: Porous Ti discs were fabricated by the powder metallurgy process with the pore size typically between 50 and 400 μm and a porosity of 60%. Osteogenic cells obtained from human alveolar bone were cultured until subconfluence and subcultured on dense Ti (control) and porous Ti for periods of up to 17 days. Results: Cultures grown on porous Ti exhibited increased cell proliferation and total protein content, and lower levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity than on dense Ti. In general, gene expression of osteoblastic markers–runt‐related transcription factor 2, collagen type I, alkaline phosphatase, bone morphogenetic protein‐7, and osteocalcin was lower at day 7 and higher at day 17 in cultures grown on porous Ti compared with dense Ti, a finding consistent with the enhanced growth rate for such cultures. The amount of mineralized matrix was greater on porous Ti compared with the dense one. Conclusion: These results indicate that the porous Ti is an appropriate substrate for osteogenic cell adhesion, proliferation, and production of a mineralized matrix. Because of the three‐dimensional environment it provides, porous Ti should be considered an advantageous substrate for promoting desirable implant surface–bone interactions.