Small RNA Modifications: Integral to Function and Disease

Small RNAs have the potential to store a secondary layer of labile biological information in the form of modified nucleotides. Emerging evidence has shown that small RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs), PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) and tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) harbor a diversity of RNA modif...

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Published inTrends in molecular medicine Vol. 22; no. 12; pp. 1025 - 1034
Main Authors Zhang, Xudong, Cozen, Aaron E, Liu, Ying, Chen, Qi, Lowe, Todd M
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Ltd 01.12.2016
Elsevier BV
Subjects
Animals
ARM-seq
Diagnostic systems
DM-tRNA-seq
Epigenetics
Genetic Markers
Heredity
Humans
Immunity
LC-MS/MS
Metabolism
MicroRNAs
miRNA
Nucleotides
Pathology
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
RNA Editing
RNA modification
RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional
RNA Stability
RNA, Small Untranslated - analysis
RNA, Small Untranslated - genetics
Stress response
Transcriptome
tRNA
tRNA-derived small RNAs
RNA modification
LC-MS/MS
RNA editing
ARM-seq
DM-tRNA-seq
tRNA-derived small RNAs
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Summary:Small RNAs have the potential to store a secondary layer of labile biological information in the form of modified nucleotides. Emerging evidence has shown that small RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs), PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) and tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) harbor a diversity of RNA modifications. These findings highlight the importance of RNA modifications in the modulation of basic properties such as RNA stability and other complex physiological processes involved in stress responses, metabolism, immunity, and epigenetic inheritance of environmentally acquired traits, among others. High-resolution, high-throughput methods for detecting, mapping and screening these small RNA modifications now provide opportunities to uncover their diagnostic potential as sensitive disease markers.
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These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:1471-4914
1471-499X
DOI:10.1016/j.molmed.2016.10.009