Association of mate tea (Ilex paraguariensis) intake and dietary intervention and effects on oxidative stress biomarkers of dyslipidemic subjects

• Published in: Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Vol. 28; no. 6; pp. 657 - 664
• Main Authors: Boaventura, Brunna Cristina Bremer, Di Pietro, Patrícia Faria, Stefanuto, Aliny, Klein, Graziela Alessandra, de Morais, Elayne Cristina, de Andrade, Fernanda, Wazlawik, Elisabeth, da Silva, Edson Luiz
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Elsevier Inc 01.06.2012; Elsevier; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: administration & dosage; Adult; antioxidant activity; Antioxidant potential; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - metabolism; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Antioxidants - therapeutic use; Aryldialkylphosphatase; Aryldialkylphosphatase - blood; ascorbic acid; Ascorbic Acid - administration & dosage; Ascorbic Acid - pharmacology; Ascorbic Acid - therapeutic use; Biological and medical sciences; biomarkers; Biomarkers - blood; blood; blood plasma; Carbonyl compounds; Cardiovascular disease; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL; Cholesterol, HDL - blood; Cholesterol, LDL; Cholesterol, LDL - blood; correlation; Diet; Dietary Fats; Dietary Fats - administration & dosage; Dietary Fiber; Dietary Fiber - pharmacology; Dietary Fiber - therapeutic use; Dietary intervention; drug effects; Dyslipidemia; Dyslipidemias; Dyslipidemias - blood; Dyslipidemias - therapy; Energy Intake; enzymes; Fatty Acids; Fatty Acids - administration & dosage; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated - pharmacology; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated - therapeutic use; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Female; food consumption; fruit consumption; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gastroenterology and Hepatology; glutathione; Glutathione - blood; high density lipoprotein; Humans; Ilex paraguariensis; Ingestion; Intervention; legumes; Lipid Peroxides; Lipid Peroxides - blood; Lipids; long term effects; Low density lipoprotein; Male; Mate tea; metabolism; Middle Aged; monounsaturated fatty acids; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; pharmacology; Phenolic compounds; Phytotherapy; Plant Preparations; Plant Preparations - pharmacology; Plant Preparations - therapeutic use; Protein Carbonylation; Protein Carbonylation - drug effects; randomized clinical trials; tea; therapeutic use; therapy; trans fatty acids; uric acid; vegetable consumption; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; Brazil; Oxidative stress; Dietary intervention; Humans; Dyslipidemia; Phenolic compounds; Mate tea; Antioxidant potential; Human; Biological marker; Metabolic diseases; Lipids; Antioxidant; Tea; Vertebrata; Association; Mammalia; Food intake; Dyslipemia
• ISSN: 0899-9007; 1873-1244; 1873-1244
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2011.10.017

To evaluate the effect of long-term ingestion of mate tea, with or without dietary intervention, on the markers of oxidative stress in dyslipidemic individuals. Seventy-four dyslipidemic volunteers participated in this randomized clinical trial. Subjects were divided into three treatment groups: mate tea (MT), dietary intervention (DI), and mate tea with dietary intervention (MD). Biochemical and dietary variables were assessed at the beginning of the study (baseline) and after 20, 40, 60, and 90 d of treatment. Participants in the MT and MD groups consumed 1 L/d of mate tea. Those in the DI and MD groups were instructed to increase their intake of fruit, legumes and vegetables and decrease their consumption of foods rich in cholesterol and saturated and trans-fatty acids. Biomarkers of oxidative stress such as antioxidant capacity of serum (ferric reducing antioxidant potential assay), uric acid, reduced glutathione, paraoxonase-1 enzyme, lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH), and protein carbonyl were analyzed. Participants in the DI group showed a significant decrease in total fat and saturated fatty acid intakes. Those in the DI and MD groups presented a significant increase in vitamin C consumption. For all groups, there was a significant increase in ferric reducing antioxidant potential and reduced glutathione concentrations but no significant changes in LOOH, protein carbonyl, and paraoxonase-1 values. The reduced glutathione concentration was positively correlated with the consumption of monounsaturated fatty acids, fiber, and vitamin C, whereas levels of LOOH were inversely correlated with intakes of vitamin C and fiber. In addition, LOOH correlated positively with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and inversely with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, which had a positive association with paraoxonase-1. The ingestion of mate tea independently of the dietary intervention increased plasma and blood antioxidant protection in patients with dyslipidemia.