The Potential Therapeutic Effect of Orexin-Treated versus Orexin-Untreated Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy on Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

• Published in: Journal of Diabetes Research Vol. 2022; pp. 9832212 - 9
• Main Authors: Boushra, Amy F., Mahmoud, Rania H., Ayoub, Shymaa E., Mohammed, Rehab A., Shamardl, Hanan A., El Amin Ali, Amani M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Hindawi 17.01.2022; Hindawi Limited; Wiley
• Subjects: Adipose tissues; Advertising executives; Animals; Body fat; Dextrose; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism; Diabetes therapy; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Flow cytometry; Gene expression; Glucose; Health aspects; Homeostasis; Hyperglycemia; Insulin resistance; Insulin Resistance - physiology; Male; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation - methods; Mesenchymal Stem Cells - drug effects; Metabolism; Muscles; Obesity; Orexins - administration & dosage; Oxalic acid; Physiology; Rats; Stem cells; Transplantation; Type 2 diabetes; Veins & arteries; Germany; Egypt; United States > US
• ISSN: 2314-6745; 2314-6753; 2314-6753
• DOI: 10.1155/2022/9832212

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by resistance to peripheral insulin actions. Mesenchymal stem cells have been studied for years in T2DM therapy, including adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs). Orexin neuropeptides (A and B) are well-known regulators of appetite and physical activity. The aim of this work was to elucidate the possible therapeutic effect of AD-MSC preconditioning with orexin A (OXA) on insulin resistance in rats. Twenty-eight adult male albino rats were divided into 4 equal groups: a normal control group and 3 diabetic groups (a control T2DM group, diabetic rats treated by an AD-MSCs group, and diabetic rats treated by AD-MSCs preconditioned with OXA). We noticed that the treated groups showed a significant alleviation of insulin resistance parameters as shown in lowering the serum levels of glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, inflammatory markers, and HOMA-IR as compared to the control diabetic group with more significant reduction observed in the OXA-pretreated AD-MSCs-administrated group. More improvement was also noted in the glucose uptake and GLUT-4 gene expression in the skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in the OXA-pretreated AD-MSCs-administrated group compared to the untreated diabetic group. Conclusion. Preconditioning of AD-MSCs with OXA can significantly increase their potential to reduce the insulin resistance in the rat model of T2DM.