Reactive gliosis and the multicellular response to CNS damage and disease

The CNS is prone to heterogeneous insults of diverse etiologies that elicit multifaceted responses. Acute and focal injuries trigger wound repair with tissue replacement. Diffuse and chronic diseases provoke gradually escalating tissue changes. The responses to CNS insults involve complex interactio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inNeuron (Cambridge, Mass.) Vol. 81; no. 2; pp. 229 - 248
Main Authors Burda, Joshua E, Sofroniew, Michael V
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Limited 22.01.2014
Subjects
Animals
Bone marrow
Central Nervous System Diseases - complications
Central Nervous System Diseases - pathology
Disease
Gliosis - etiology
Humans
Neuroglia - pathology
Neuroglia - physiology
Neurons
Neurons - pathology
Neurons - physiology
Physiology
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Summary:The CNS is prone to heterogeneous insults of diverse etiologies that elicit multifaceted responses. Acute and focal injuries trigger wound repair with tissue replacement. Diffuse and chronic diseases provoke gradually escalating tissue changes. The responses to CNS insults involve complex interactions among cells of numerous lineages and functions, including CNS intrinsic neural cells, CNS intrinsic nonneural cells, and CNS extrinsic cells that enter from the circulation. The contributions of diverse nonneuronal cell types to outcome after acute injury, or to the progression of chronic disease, are of increasing interest as the push toward understanding and ameliorating CNS afflictions accelerates. In some cases, considerable information is available, in others, comparatively little, as examined and reviewed here.
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ISSN:0896-6273
1097-4199
DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2013.12.034