A Multisite-Binding Switchable Fluorescent Probe for Monitoring Mitochondrial ATP Level Fluctuation in Live Cells

• Published in: Angewandte Chemie International Edition Vol. 55; no. 5; pp. 1773 - 1776
• Main Authors: Wang, Lu, Yuan, Lin, Zeng, Xian, Peng, Juanjuan, Ni, Yong, Er, Jun Cheng, Xu, Wang, Agrawalla, Bikram Keshari, Su, Dongdong, Kim, Beomsue, Chang, Young-Tae
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: WEINHEIM Blackwell Publishing Ltd 26.01.2016; Wiley; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Edition: International ed. in English
• Subjects: Adenosine triphosphatase; Adenosine triphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate - metabolism; Apoptosis; ATP; Binding; Binding Sites; Biocompatibility; Biological activity; cell imaging; Cell Line, Tumor; Chemistry; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Fluorescence; Fluorescent Dyes - chemistry; Fluorescent indicators; fluorescent probes; Humans; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Mitochondria; Mitochondria - metabolism; Mitochondrial DNA; Monitoring; multisite-binding; Physical Sciences; Science & Technology; Variation; APOPTOSIS; LUMINESCENT PROBE; fluorescent probes; IN-VITRO; ADENOSINE-TRIPHOSPHATE; CHEMOSENSORS; GLUCOSE; multisite-binding; PH; cell imaging; APTAMER BIOSENSOR; DYSFUNCTION; ATP
• ISSN: 1433-7851; 1521-3773; 1521-3773
• DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510003

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), commonly produced in mitochondria, is required by almost all the living organisms; thus fluorescent probes for monitoring mitochondrial ATP levels fluctuation are essential and highly desired. Herein, we report a multisite‐binding switchable fluorescent probe, ATP‐Red 1, which selectively and rapidly responds to intracellular concentrations of ATP. Live‐cell imaging indicated that ATP‐Red 1 mainly localized to mitochondria with good biocompatibility and membrane penetration. In particular, with the help of ATP‐Red 1, we successfully observed not only the decreased mitochondrial ATP levels in the presence of KCN and starvation state, but also the increased mitochondrial ATP levels in the early stage of cell apoptosis. These results indicate that ATP‐Red 1 is a useful tool for investigating ATP‐relevant biological processes. Illuminating the ATP: A multisite‐binding, switchable fluorescent probe can selectively and rapidly respond to ATP at intracellular concentrations. In live‐cell imaging, the probe was successfully applied to monitor fluctuations in mitochondrial ATP levels.