Temporal associations of plasma levels of the secreted phospholipase A 2 family and mortality in severe COVID-19

• Published in: European journal of immunology Vol. 54; no. 6; p. e2350721
• Main Authors: Lu, Eric, Hara, Aki, Sun, Shudong, Hallmark, Brian, Snider, Justin M, Seeds, Michael C, Watkins, Joseph C, McCall, Charles E, Zhang, Hao Helen, Yao, Guang, Chilton, Floyd H
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany 01.06.2024
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; COVID-19 - blood; COVID-19 - mortality; Cytokines - blood; Female; Group II Phospholipases A2 - blood; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Phospholipases A2, Secretory - blood; Protein Isoforms - blood; Proteomics - methods; SARS-CoV-2; Severity of Illness Index; COVID‐19; sPLA2; Proteomics
• ISSN: 0014-2980; 1521-4141
• DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350721

Previous research suggests that group IIA-secreted phospholipase A (sPLA -IIA) plays a role in and predicts lethal COVID-19 disease. The current study reanalyzed a longitudinal proteomic data set to determine the temporal relationship between levels of several members of a family of sPLA isoforms and the severity of COVID-19 in 214 ICU patients. The levels of six secreted PLA isoforms, sPLA -IIA, sPLA -V, sPLA -X, sPLA -IB, sPLA -IIC, and sPLA -XVI, increased over the first 7 ICU days in those who succumbed to the disease but attenuated over the same time period in survivors. In contrast, a reversed pattern in sPLA -IID and sPLA -XIIB levels over 7 days suggests a protective role of these two isoforms. Furthermore, decision tree models demonstrated that sPLA -IIA outperformed top-ranked cytokines and chemokines as a predictor of patient outcome. Taken together, proteomic analysis revealed temporal sPLA patterns that reflect the critical roles of sPLA isoforms in severe COVID-19 disease.