Mutations Causing Familial Biparental Hydatidiform Mole Implicate C6orf221 as a Possible Regulator of Genomic Imprinting in the Human Oocyte

• Published in: American journal of human genetics Vol. 89; no. 3; pp. 451 - 458
• Main Authors: Parry, David A., Logan, Clare V., Hayward, Bruce E., Shires, Michael, Landolsi, Hanène, Diggle, Christine, Carr, Ian, Rittore, Cécile, Touitou, Isabelle, Philibert, Laurent, Fisher, Rosemary A., Fallahian, Masoumeh, Huntriss, John D., Picton, Helen M., Malik, Saghira, Taylor, Graham R., Johnson, Colin A., Bonthron, David T., Sheridan, Eamonn G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, MA Elsevier Inc 09.09.2011; Cell Press; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing - genetics; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing - metabolism; Base Sequence; Biological and medical sciences; Cell Line; Classical genetics, quantitative genetics, hybrids; Diseases of mother, fetus and pregnancy; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General aspects. Genetic counseling; Genes, Recessive - genetics; Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution; Genomic Imprinting - genetics; Genomic Imprinting - physiology; Genomics; Genotype & phenotype; Gynecology; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics; Human; Humans; Hydatidiform Mole - genetics; Immunohistochemistry; Medical genetics; Medical sciences; Molecular and cellular biology; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Mutation - genetics; Oocytes - metabolism; Oocytes - physiology; Pedigree; Pregnancy; Pregnancy. Fetus. Placenta; Proteins - genetics; Proteins - metabolism; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Womens health; Human; Trophoblaste pathology; Pregnancy disorders; Hydatidiform mole; Family study; Regulator; Placenta diseases; Genomic imprinting; Placenta; Tumor; Genetics; Mutation; Oocyte
• ISSN: 0002-9297; 1537-6605
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.08.002

Familial biparental hydatidiform mole (FBHM) is the only known pure maternal-effect recessive inherited disorder in humans. Affected women, although developmentally normal themselves, suffer repeated pregnancy loss because of the development of the conceptus into a complete hydatidiform mole in which extraembryonic trophoblastic tissue develops but the embryo itself suffers early demise. This developmental phenotype results from a genome-wide failure to correctly specify or maintain a maternal epigenotype at imprinted loci. Most cases of FBHM result from mutations of NLRP7, but genetic heterogeneity has been demonstrated. Here, we report biallelic mutations of C6orf221 in three families with FBHM. The previously described biological properties of their respective gene families suggest that NLRP7 and C6orf221 may interact as components of an oocyte complex that is directly or indirectly required for determination of epigenetic status on the oocyte genome.