Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, but not intercellular adhesion molecule-1, is associated with diabetic kidney disease in Asians with type 2 diabetes

• Published in: Journal of diabetes and its complications Vol. 29; no. 5; pp. 707 - 712
• Main Authors: Liu, Jian-Jun, Yeoh, Lee Ying, Sum, Chee Fang, Tavintharan, Subramaniam, Ng, Xiao Wei, Liu, Sylvia, Lee, Simon B.M., Tang, Wern Ee, Lim, Su Chi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.07.2015; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Age; Aged; Albuminuria - etiology; Asian Continental Ancestry Group; C-Reactive Protein - analysis; Cell adhesion & migration; Cholesterol; Cohort Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - ethnology; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - immunology; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - urine; Diabetic kidney disease; Diabetic Nephropathies - blood; Diabetic Nephropathies - epidemiology; Diabetic Nephropathies - ethnology; Diabetic Nephropathies - physiopathology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glucose; Humans; Immunoassay; Intercellular adhesion molecule-1; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - blood; Kidney - immunology; Kidney - physiopathology; Kidney diseases; Low density lipoprotein; Male; Microvascular complication; Middle Aged; Mortality; Pathogenesis; Prevalence; Proteins; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - blood; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - complications; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - epidemiology; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - ethnology; Risk Factors; Singapore - epidemiology; Triglycerides; Type 2 diabetes; Up-Regulation; Variables; Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - blood; White people; Singapore; Type 2 diabetes; Microvascular complication; Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1; Intercellular adhesion molecule-1; Diabetic kidney disease
• ISSN: 1056-8727; 1873-460X; 1873-460X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.02.011

The association of adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 with cardiovascular diseases has been well-studied. However, their roles in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are incompletely understood. We aim to study the association of plasma ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 with DKD in Asians with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). A total of 1950 Asians with T2DM were included in this cross-sectional study. Plasma ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were measured by immunoassays. Renal filtration function (eGFR) declined and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) levels increased progressively with the increase in plasma VCAM-1 levels. In contrast, no significant changes in eGFR and ACR were observed in subjects across different plasma ICAM-1 levels. Both ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were correlated with ACR (rho=0.153, p<0.001 for VCAM-1 and ACR; rho=0.053, p=0.020 for ICAM-1 and ACR) in bivariate correlation analysis. However, only VCAM-1 was correlated with eGFR (rho=−0.228, p<0.001). Multivariable linear regression models revealed that VCAM-1, but not ICAM-1, was independently associated with eGFR and albuminuria. Backward linear regression suggested that plasma VCAM-1 variability was mainly determined by eGFR whereas plasma ICAM-1 level was mainly determined by C-reactive protein in patients with T2DM. Plasma VCAM-1 level, but not ICAM-1 level, was independently associated with prevalent DKD in Asians with T2DM. High level of ICAM-1 may be indicative of systemic inflammation and portends increase risk of incipient DKD.