Genome-wide Association and Follow-Up Replication Studies Identified ADAMTS18 and TGFBR3 as Bone Mass Candidate Genes in Different Ethnic Groups

• Published in: American journal of human genetics Vol. 84; no. 3; pp. 388 - 398
• Main Authors: Xiong, Dong-Hai, Liu, Xiao-Gang, Guo, Yan-Fang, Tan, Li-Jun, Wang, Liang, Sha, Bao-Yong, Tang, Zi-Hui, Pan, Feng, Yang, Tie-Lin, Chen, Xiang-Ding, Lei, Shu-Feng, Yerges, Laura M., Zhu, Xue-Zen, Wheeler, Victor W., Patrick, Alan L., Bunker, ClareAnn H., Guo, Yan, Yan, Han, Pei, Yu-Fang, Zhang, Yin-Pin, Levy, Shawn, Papasian, Christopher J., Xiao, Peng, Lundberg, Y. Wang, Recker, Robert R., Liu, Yao-Zhong, Liu, Yong-Jun, Zmuda, Joseph M., Deng, Hong-Wen
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, MA Elsevier Inc 13.03.2009; Cell Press; Elsevier
• Subjects: ADAM Proteins - genetics; ADAMTS Proteins; Adult; African Continental Ancestry Group; Aged; Asian Continental Ancestry Group; Biological and medical sciences; Bone density; Bone Density - genetics; Databases, Genetic; European Continental Ancestry Group; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General aspects. Genetic counseling; Genes; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic research; Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution; Genome-Wide Association Study; Genomics; Hip Fractures - ethnology; Hip Fractures - etiology; Hip Fractures - genetics; Humans; Male; Medical genetics; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Minority & ethnic groups; Molecular and cellular biology; Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis - complications; Osteoporosis - ethnology; Osteoporosis - genetics; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Proteoglycans - genetics; Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta - genetics; Risk factors; Young Adult; Human; Association; Bone mass; Follow up study; Pathogenesis; Genetics; Replication; Genome; Genetic determinism; Ethnic group
• ISSN: 0002-9297; 1537-6605
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.01.025

To identify and validate genes associated with bone mineral density (BMD), which is a prominent osteoporosis risk factor, we tested 379,319 SNPs in 1000 unrelated white U.S. subjects for associations with BMD. For replication, we genotyped the most significant SNPs in 593 white U.S. families (1972 subjects), a Chinese hip fracture (HF) sample (350 cases, 350 controls), a Chinese BMD sample (2955 subjects), and a Tobago cohort of African ancestry (908 males). Publicly available Framingham genome-wide association study (GWAS) data (2953 whites) were also used for in silico replication. The GWAS detected two BMD candidate genes, ADAMTS18 (ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 18) and TGFBR3 (transforming growth factor, beta receptor III). Replication studies verified the significant findings by GWAS. We also detected significant associations with hip fracture for ADAMTS18 SNPs in the Chinese HF sample. Meta-analyses supported the significant associations of ADAMTS18 and TGFBR3 with BMD (p values: 2.56 × 10 −5 to 2.13 × 10 −8; total sample size: n = 5925 to 9828). Electrophoretic mobility shift assay suggested that the minor allele of one significant ADAMTS18 SNP might promote binding of the TEL2 factor, which may repress ADAMTS18 expression. The data from NCBI GEO expression profiles also showed that ADAMTS18 and TGFBR3 genes were differentially expressed in subjects with normal skeletal fracture versus subjects with nonunion skeletal fracture. Overall, the evidence supports that ADAMTS18 and TGFBR3 might underlie BMD determination in the major human ethnic groups.