Consistent condom utilization and associated factors among HIV positive clients attending ART clinic at Pawi general hospital, North West Ethiopia

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 16; no. 12; p. e0261581
• Main Authors: Yeshaneh, Alex, Lencha, Adugna, Aweke, Amlaku Mulat, Dessalew, Yaregal, Wale, Tegegne, Mekuriya, Esubalew, Abdulahi, Temkin, Workineh, Alemu, Yitayew, Meseret, Dinku, Hirut, Asfaw, Genet
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 21.12.2021; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Adolescent; Adult; AIDS; Ambulatory Care Facilities; Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use; Antiretroviral agents; Antiretroviral drugs; Antiretroviral therapy; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Biology and Life Sciences; Clients; Complications and side effects; Condoms; Condoms - statistics & numerical data; Confidence intervals; Contraception Behavior - psychology; Contraception Behavior - statistics & numerical data; Counseling - organization & administration; Cross-Sectional Studies; Disease transmission; Drug resistance; Education; Educational Status; Ethiopia - epidemiology; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Highly active antiretroviral therapy; HIV; HIV infection; HIV Infections - drug therapy; HIV Infections - epidemiology; HIV Infections - prevention & control; HIV Infections - transmission; Hospitals, General; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Infections; Male; Marital Status - statistics & numerical data; Medicine and Health Sciences; Middle Aged; Patient outcomes; People and Places; Risk factors; Safe Sex - psychology; Safe Sex - statistics & numerical data; Sampling techniques; Sexual partners; Sexual Partners - psychology; Sexually transmitted diseases; Social Sciences; Statistical analysis; STD; Surveys and Questionnaires; Therapy; Utilization; Viruses; Ethiopia
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261581

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects a highly significant number of people and is responsible for the deaths of many people in sub-Saharan African countries alone. The best prevention method for this virus is through consistent condom utilization which can help to prevent drug-resistant HIV infection and acquisition of new infection. Therefore, this study aimed to assess consistent condom utilization and associated factors among HIV-positive individuals attending an antiretroviral therapy clinic at Pawi general hospital, North West Ethiopia in 2020. An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 419 HIV-positive individuals who have follow-up in the Pawi general hospital antiretroviral therapy clinics, from January to February 2020. The study subjects were reached using a systematic sampling technique and data were collected using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Data entry and analysis were performed using epi-data version 3.1 and SPSS version 23 respectively. Binary and multivariable analyses with a 95% confidence level were performed. In the final model, variables with P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. A total of 419 antiretroviral therapy study participants were participated in the study with a response rate of 100%. In this finding, the consistent condom utilization rate was 49.2% [95% CI: 42.2-56.5%]. After controlling for possible confounding factors, the results showed that place of residence [AOR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.05, 4.45], marital status [AOR = 0.19, 95%CI: 0.05, 0.67], number of partners [AOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.55] and level of education [AOR = 5.33, 95% CI: 1.57, 18.08] were associated factors of consistent condom utilization. Consistent condom utilization among HIV-positive clients attending antiretroviral therapy clinics at Pawi general hospital was low. Residence, marital status, level of education and number of partners were significantly associated factors of consistent condom use. Health education program and counseling services should be started to increase knowledge about way of transmission and appropriate use of condoms, increase self-efficacy towards condom use and reduction in the number of sexual partners.