Revealing the immune perturbation of black phosphorus nanomaterials to macrophages by understanding the protein corona

• Published in: Nature communications Vol. 9; no. 1; pp. 2480 - 11
• Main Authors: Mo, Jianbin, Xie, Qingyun, Wei, Wei, Zhao, Jing
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 26.06.2018; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 140/133; 140/58; 147/143; 631/250; 631/92; 639/301; Adsorption; Blood Proteins - metabolism; Cell Line; HEK293 Cells; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Immunotoxicity; In Vitro Techniques; Inflammation - etiology; Liquid chromatography; Macrophages; Macrophages - drug effects; Macrophages - immunology; Macrophages - metabolism; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; multidisciplinary; Nanomaterials; Nanostructures - chemistry; Nanostructures - toxicity; Nanotechnology; NF-κB protein; Perturbation; Phosphorus; Phosphorus - toxicity; Protein Corona - immunology; Protein Corona - metabolism; Proteins; Quantum dots; Quantum Dots - chemistry; Quantum Dots - toxicity; Science; Science (multidisciplinary)
• ISSN: 2041-1723; 2041-1723
• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04873-7

The increasing number of biological applications for black phosphorus (BP) nanomaterials has precipitated considerable concern about their interactions with physiological systems. Here we demonstrate the adsorption of plasma protein onto BP nanomaterials and the subsequent immune perturbation effect on macrophages. Using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, 75.8% of the proteins bound to BP quantum dots were immune relevant proteins, while that percentage for BP nanosheet–corona complexes is 69.9%. In particular, the protein corona dramatically reshapes BP nanomaterial–corona complexes, influenced cellular uptake, activated the NF-κB pathway and even increased cytokine secretion by 2–4-fold. BP nanomaterials induce immunotoxicity and immune perturbation in macrophages in the presence of a plasma corona. These findings offer important insights into the development of safe and effective BP nanomaterial-based therapies. The formation of a protein corona around nanomaterials is known to have significant effects upon materials in biological applications. Here, the authors report on a study into understanding the protein corona formed on black phosphorus and the implications for interactions with macrophages.