The influence of developmental timing on B cell diversity

• Published in: Current opinion in immunology Vol. 51; pp. 7 - 13
• Main Authors: Kristiansen, Trine A, Vanhee, Stijn, Yuan, Joan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.04.2018
• Subjects: Age Factors; Animals; B-Lymphocyte Subsets - cytology; B-Lymphocyte Subsets - immunology; B-Lymphocyte Subsets - metabolism; B-Lymphocytes - cytology; B-Lymphocytes - physiology; Basic Medicine; Biomarkers; Bone Marrow - immunology; Bone Marrow - metabolism; Cell Differentiation - genetics; Cell Differentiation - immunology; Cell Movement; Clonal Selection, Antigen-Mediated - immunology; Hematopoietic Stem Cells - cytology; Hematopoietic Stem Cells - metabolism; Humans; Immunologi inom det medicinska området; Immunologi inom det medicinska området (Här ingår: Cell- och immunterapi); Immunology in the medical area; Immunology in the Medical Area (including Cell and Immunotherapy); Lymphopoiesis - genetics; Lymphopoiesis - immunology; Medical and Health Sciences; Medicin och hälsovetenskap; Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper; Phenotype; RNA-Binding Proteins - genetics; RNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
• ISSN: 0952-7915; 1879-0372; 1879-0372
• DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2017.12.005

•The adult B cell pool is a mosaic of fetal and adult derived cells.•Developmental changes in HSC function affect downstream B cell output.•HSCs are heterogeneous with respect to fetal-like B cell potential.•Repertoire selection may be subject to age dependent changes. The adult adaptive immune system is comprised of a wide spectrum of lymphocyte subsets with distinct antigen receptor repertoire profiles, effector functions, turnover times and anatomical locations, acting in concert to provide optimal host protection and self-regulation. While some lymphocyte populations are replenished by bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) through adulthood, others emerge during a limited window of time during fetal and postnatal life and sustain through self-replenishment. Despite fundamental implications in immune regeneration, early life immunity and leukemogenesis, the impact of developmental timing on lymphocyte output remains an under explored frontier in immunology. In this review, we spotlight recent insights into the developmental changes in B cell output in mice and explore how several age specific cellular and molecular factors may shape the formation of a diverse adaptive immune system.