Detection and genotyping of canine coronavirus RNA in diarrheic dogs in Japan

• Published in: Research in veterinary science Vol. 90; no. 2; pp. 205 - 207
• Main Authors: Soma, Takehisa, Ohinata, Tsuyoshi, Ishii, Hiroshi, Takahashi, Toshikazu, Taharaguchi, Satoshi, Hara, Motonobu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier India Pvt Ltd 01.04.2011; Elsevier Limited; Elsevier Ltd
• Subjects: Animals; Canine coronavirus; Canine parvovirus; Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology; Coronavirus Infections - veterinary; Coronavirus Infections - virology; Coronavirus, Canine - genetics; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; Dog Diseases - epidemiology; Dog Diseases - virology; Dogs; Feces - virology; Genes; Genotype; Japan; Japan - epidemiology; PCR; Prevalence; RNA, Viral - genetics; RNA, Viral - isolation & purification; Studies; Transmissible gastroenteritis virus; Veterinary medicine; Japan; China; Europe; Genotype; Canine parvovirus; Canine coronavirus; Prevalence; Japan; PCR
• ISSN: 0034-5288; 1532-2661
• DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.05.027

To clarify the prevalence of canine coronavirus (CCoV) infection in Japan, faecal samples from 109 dogs with diarrhoea were examined for CCoV RNA together with canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) DNA. The detection rates of CCoV and CPV-2 for dogs aged less than 1 year were 66.3% and 43.8%, while those for dogs aged 1 year or older were 6.9% and 10.3%, respectively, which were significantly different ( p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0003, respectively), indicating not CPV-2 but CCoV is an important diarrhoea-causing organism in juvenile dogs. Among the CCoV-positive dogs, 65.5% and 72.7% showed to be positive for CCoV types I and II, respectively, and simultaneous detection rate of both types was high at 40.0%. Furthermore, transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV)-like CCoV RNA was detected from 8 dogs. These findings indicate that CCoV type I and TGEV-like CCoV are already circulating in Japan, though no reports have been presented to date.