Cytokine Levels and Human Herpesviruses in Saliva from Clinical Periodontal Healthy Subjects with Peri-Implantitis: A Case-Control Study

• Published in: Mediators of inflammation Vol. 2018; no. 2018; pp. 1 - 7
• Main Authors: Pallos, Debora, Braz-Silva, Paulo Henrique, Schwartz-Filho, Humberto Osvaldo, Viana, Renato G., Shibli, Jamil Awad, Sumita, Laura M., da Silva Salomao, Gustavo Vargas, Gobara, Jorge, Marques Filho, Jaime S., Pannuti, Claudio Sergio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cairo, Egypt Hindawi Publishing Corporation 01.01.2018; Hindawi; John Wiley & Sons, Inc; Wiley
• Subjects: Adult; B cells; Bleeding; Case-Control Studies; Chemotherapy; Clinical Study; Cytokines; Cytokines - metabolism; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus - isolation & purification; Disease; Female; Healthy Volunteers; Herpes viruses; Herpesvirus 1, Human - isolation & purification; Herpesvirus 2, Human - isolation & purification; Herpesvirus 3, Human - isolation & purification; Herpesvirus 4, Human - isolation & purification; Herpesvirus 6, Human - isolation & purification; Herpesvirus 8, Human - isolation & purification; Herpesviruses; Humans; Hydroxylapatite; Hypotheses; IL-1β; Infections; Inflammation; Interleukin 2; Interleukin 4; Interleukin 6; Interleukin-1beta - metabolism; Interleukin-8 - metabolism; Male; Middle Aged; Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; Pathogenesis; Peri-Implantitis - immunology; Peri-Implantitis - metabolism; Peri-Implantitis - virology; Periodontics; Plaque index; Radiation therapy; Saliva; Saliva - chemistry; Saliva - virology; Statistical analysis; Studies; Systematic review; Transplants & implants; Tumor necrosis factor; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Viral Envelope Proteins - isolation & purification; Viruses; Brazil
• ISSN: 0962-9351; 1466-1861; 1466-1861
• DOI: 10.1155/2018/6020625

This study evaluated the presence of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and TNF-α) and human herpesvirus (HSV1, HSV2, EBV, CMV, VZV, HHV6, HHV7, and HHV8) in saliva samples taken from subjects with and without peri-implantitis. Forty-two periodontally healthy subjects were divided according to peri-implant condition: healthy and peri-implantitis groups. The clinical parameters as probing depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index, gingival bleeding, bleeding on probing, and suppuration were evaluated. For cytokine detection, multiplex analysis was performed, and PCR assay was used to identify herpesviruses. No significant differences were found in cytokine levels between groups (p>0.05). The presence of herpesvirus was 1.97-fold higher in patients with peri-implantitis (odds ratio, CI 0.52–7.49). The association of the presence or absence of herpesvirus with the salivary markers was statistically significant for MIP-1β (p=0.0087) and TNF-α (p=0.0437) only in the peri-implantitis group. The presence of herpesviruses in patients with peri-implantitis suggests the development of a proinflammatory environment, which is characterized by increased expression of MIP-1β and TNF-α in saliva.