A Wearable System for Gait Training in Subjects with Parkinson’s Disease

• Published in: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 14; no. 4; pp. 6229 - 6246
• Main Authors: Casamassima, Filippo, Ferrari, Alberto, Milosevic, Bojan, Ginis, Pieter, Farella, Elisabetta, Rocchi, Laura
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 28.03.2014; MDPI
• Subjects: Algorithms; Architecture; audio-feedback; body area networks; Calibration; Computer Systems; Disease; Electronic mail systems; Feedback; Gait; gait analysis; Humans; Male; motor disorders; Operators; Parkinson Disease - physiopathology; Parkinson Disease - rehabilitation; Parkinson's disease; Patients; rehabilitation; Sensors; Smartphones; Telemetry - instrumentation; Thermodynamics; Training; Walking; wearable; Italy
• ISSN: 1424-8220; 1424-8220
• DOI: 10.3390/s140406229

In this paper, a system for gait training and rehabilitation for Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients in a daily life setting is presented. It is based on a wearable architecture aimed at the provision of real-time auditory feedback. Recent studies have, in fact, shown that PD patients can receive benefit from a motor therapy based on auditory cueing and feedback, as happens in traditional rehabilitation contexts with verbal instructions given by clinical operators. To this extent, a system based on a wireless body sensor network and a smartphone has been developed. The system enables real-time extraction of gait spatio-temporal features and their comparison with a patient’s reference walking parameters captured in the lab under clinical operator supervision. Feedback is returned to the user in form of vocal messages, encouraging the user to keep her/his walking behavior or to correct it. This paper describes the overall concept, the proposed usage scenario and the parameters estimated for the gait analysis. It also presents, in detail, the hardware-software architecture of the system and the evaluation of system reliability by testing it on a few subjects.